Free

Company setup cost calculator

Official fees, firms' starting prices and registration times for 12 destinations, with the source of every figure.

Company setup cost

United Arab Emirates

2. Choose a company type
Setup cost AED 5,500 to 11,000 about EUR 1,340 to 2,670
First year in total AED 11,490 to 22,990 about EUR 2,790 to 5,590
Registration time About 1 day once the application is complete

Official fees of the base option plus the starting prices published by firms for the services switched on below.

Services from a firm

Starting prices published by firms on Accountanty, one price per firm. Most firms do not say whether government fees are included.

  • AED 5,500 to AED 11,000 one-offStarting prices published by 94 firms
  • AED 5,990 to AED 11,990 per yearStarting prices published by 29 firms
  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (4)
  • AED 499 to AED 774 one-offStarting prices published by 10 firms
  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (4)
  • AED 3,000 to AED 6,150 one-offStarting prices published by 17 firms

Breakdown of the estimate

Official setup feesIncluded in firms' packagesOfficial, at setupsee the note below
Official yearly feesIncluded in firms' packagesOfficial, every yearsee the note below
Company formation by a firmAED 5,500 to AED 11,000Firms, one-offStarting prices published by 94 firms
Accounting and annual accounts (small company)AED 5,990 to AED 11,990Firms, per yearStarting prices published by 29 firms
Registered office or legal addressPrice on requestFirms, per yearFewer than 5 firms publish a price (4)
VAT registrationAED 499 to AED 774Firms, one-offStarting prices published by 10 firms
Bank account opening assistancePrice on requestFirms, one-offFewer than 5 firms publish a price (4)
Residence visaAED 3,000 to AED 6,150Firms, one-offStarting prices published by 17 firms

Firms' free zone packages usually include the licence, so the official packages (RAKEZ Basic AED 6,000, Meydan AED 12,500, DMCC AED 35,484) are listed below for reference and not added to them. Visas, medical tests and Emirates ID are extra unless a package says otherwise. No renewal amount is published for RAKEZ.

Get your detailed report and quotes from firms in the United Arab Emirates

We email you a PDF with the official fees and their sources, the firms' starting prices, the steps, the documents, the yearly obligations and the firms offering company formation in the United Arab Emirates. We also share your request with firms we select there, who may contact you with quotes.

Setup cost AED 11,000 to 18,500 about EUR 2,670 to 4,500
First year in total AED 17,590 to 31,090 about EUR 4,270 to 7,550
Registration time Not published once the application is complete

Official fees of the base option plus the starting prices published by firms for the services switched on below.

Services from a firm

Starting prices published by firms on Accountanty, one price per firm. Most firms do not say whether government fees are included.

  • AED 11,000 to AED 18,500 one-offStarting prices published by 73 firms
  • AED 5,990 to AED 11,990 per yearStarting prices published by 29 firms
  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (4)
  • AED 499 to AED 774 one-offStarting prices published by 10 firms
  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (4)
  • AED 3,000 to AED 6,150 one-offStarting prices published by 17 firms

Breakdown of the estimate

Official setup feesIncluded in firms' packagesOfficial, at setupsee the note below
Renewal of a licence (Dubai, 2011 schedule)AED 600Official, every yeardlp.dubai.gov.ae
Company formation by a firmAED 11,000 to AED 18,500Firms, one-offStarting prices published by 73 firms
Accounting and annual accounts (small company)AED 5,990 to AED 11,990Firms, per yearStarting prices published by 29 firms
Registered office or legal addressPrice on requestFirms, per yearFewer than 5 firms publish a price (4)
VAT registrationAED 499 to AED 774Firms, one-offStarting prices published by 10 firms
Bank account opening assistancePrice on requestFirms, one-offFewer than 5 firms publish a price (4)
Residence visaAED 3,000 to AED 6,150Firms, one-offStarting prices published by 17 firms

Firms' mainland packages usually include the licence fees, so the Dubai Department of Economy fees (2011 schedule) are listed below for reference and not added to them. The yearly licence renewal is added. Chamber, municipality, Knowledge and Innovation Dirham and office lease are not included, because no current official amount is published.

Get your detailed report and quotes from firms in the United Arab Emirates

We email you a PDF with the official fees and their sources, the firms' starting prices, the steps, the documents, the yearly obligations and the firms offering company formation in the United Arab Emirates. We also share your request with firms we select there, who may contact you with quotes.

Setup cost AED 7,500 to 12,500 about EUR 1,820 to 3,040
First year in total AED 13,490 to 24,490 about EUR 3,280 to 5,950
Registration time Not published once the application is complete

Official fees of the base option plus the starting prices published by firms for the services switched on below.

Services from a firm

Starting prices published by firms on Accountanty, one price per firm. Most firms do not say whether government fees are included.

  • AED 7,500 to AED 12,500 one-offStarting prices published by 28 firms
  • AED 5,990 to AED 11,990 per yearStarting prices published by 29 firms
  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (4)
  • AED 499 to AED 774 one-offStarting prices published by 10 firms
  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (4)
  • AED 3,000 to AED 6,150 one-offStarting prices published by 17 firms

Breakdown of the estimate

Company formation by a firmAED 7,500 to AED 12,500Firms, one-offStarting prices published by 28 firms
Accounting and annual accounts (small company)AED 5,990 to AED 11,990Firms, per yearStarting prices published by 29 firms
Registered office or legal addressPrice on requestFirms, per yearFewer than 5 firms publish a price (4)
VAT registrationAED 499 to AED 774Firms, one-offStarting prices published by 10 firms
Bank account opening assistancePrice on requestFirms, one-offFewer than 5 firms publish a price (4)
Residence visaAED 3,000 to AED 6,150Firms, one-offStarting prices published by 17 firms

No official fees are published for offshore companies, so the estimate shows firms' prices only.

Get your detailed report and quotes from firms in the United Arab Emirates

We email you a PDF with the official fees and their sources, the firms' starting prices, the steps, the documents, the yearly obligations and the firms offering company formation in the United Arab Emirates. We also share your request with firms we select there, who may contact you with quotes.

Taxes in the United Arab Emirates

Your country of residence may tax the dividends you receive, and it may also tax the company's profits under its rules on foreign companies controlled by its residents. A company managed from your country may be treated as resident there. This is general information, not tax advice.

Corporate tax

  • Corporate tax 0% on the part of taxable income up to AED 375,000. mof.gov.ae
  • Corporate tax 9% on taxable income above AED 375,000. mof.gov.ae
  • A Qualifying Free Zone Person pays 0% on qualifying income and 9% on other taxable income; it must keep adequate substance in the UAE, earn qualifying income and meet the transfer pricing and audited accounts rules. mof.gov.ae
  • Small Business Relief: a resident company with revenue of AED 3,000,000 or less in the current and each previous tax period may elect to be treated as having no taxable income. mof.gov.ae
  • Small Business Relief applies to tax periods ending on or before 31 December 2029. mof.gov.ae

Tax on dividends paid abroad

  • Withholding tax on UAE-sourced income of non-residents without a permanent establishment is 0%. mof.gov.ae

VAT

  • VAT standard rate 5%. mof.gov.ae
  • VAT registration is mandatory above AED 375,000 and voluntary from AED 187,500 of taxable supplies, imports or expenses in 12 months; the mandatory threshold does not apply to foreign businesses. tax.gov.ae

Try a yearly profit

Assumption: one shareholder, an individual who is not resident in the United Arab Emirates, holds 100% of the company.

Paid out as dividends
Which applies to the company?

Destination taxes only, before tax treaties and before any tax in your country of residence.

Corporate tax in the United Arab EmiratesAED 11,250 (2.3%)
Dividend paidAED 488,750
Tax withheld in the United Arab Emirates on the dividendAED 0
Dividend received, before any tax in your countryAED 488,750
Profit kept in the companyAED 0
  • The 0% rate of a Qualifying Free Zone Person is not computed: it depends on the conditions above and on the kind of income.

Tax facts checked on 2026-10-23 from the official sources linked above. Rates change: check them with a firm before you act.

How the estimate is built

What the figures include

  • Firms' figures are starting prices published by firms listed on Accountanty, read from their websites in October 2026: the range runs from the lower to the upper quartile, with at least 8 firms; "from" means 5 to 7 firms; below 5 the price is on request.
  • Official fees are added up only for the base option named in the breakdown. Other options and fees that apply only in some cases are listed separately.
  • Euro amounts are approximate: Euro equivalents at the ECB reference rate of 2026-10-22; AED and SAR via their US dollar pegs.
  • Free zone packages are alternatives, one per zone, and are not added up.
  • DMCC also publishes its set-up items one by one: application AED 1,035, registration AED 9,020, articles of association AED 2,020, licence AED 20,285 a year and establishment card AED 1,825 a year.
  • Set-up time differs by zone: RAKEZ states a licence within 24 hours for its Biz Starter package, DMCC around 10 working days for the whole process.
  • RAKEZ also publishes an all-inclusive package with one residence visa at AED 14,000; Meydan Free Zone add-ons include an establishment card at AED 2,000 and an investor visa at AED 4,000.
  • DMCC requires share capital sufficient for the licensed activities; it sets no fixed minimum.
  • Small Business Relief applies to tax periods ending on or before 31 December 2029, and late corporate tax registration costs AED 10,000.
  • Economic substance reporting was cancelled for financial years ending after 31 December 2022.

All official fees: Free zone company (FZE, FZCO or FZ-LLC)

RAKEZ Basic package (1 shareholder, 1 activity, co-working access)AED 6,000At setuprakez.com
Meydan Free Zone services licence package, no visa (3 activity groups, flexi-desk; visa, medical and Emirates ID not included)AED 12,500At setupmeydanfz.ae
DMCC Basic Biz Package (individual shareholders only, flexi desk, one visa; VAT and Knowledge and Innovation Dirham included)AED 35,484At setupdmcc.ae
DMCC 1-year licence renewal (trading and service licence)AED 20,265Every yeardmcc.ae

Not published by the authorities: RAKEZ licence renewal amount (RAKEZ says it varies by type of entity); Meydan Free Zone separate renewal fee; IFZA fees, set-up time and share capital (quoted only through its partners); Visa, medical test and Emirates ID costs outside the packages listed.

Time to register: Meydan Free Zone: standard applications typically completed within 24 hours, depending on the activity and documents. Minimum share capital: RAKEZ: minimum share capital of an FZ-LLC AED 10,000, higher for some activities; Meydan Free Zone requires no paid-up share capital.

All official fees: Mainland company (Dubai, limited liability company)

Initial approval for issuing a licence (Dubai, 2011 schedule)AED 100At setupdlp.dubai.gov.ae
Reservation of a trade name (Dubai, 2011 schedule)AED 200At setupdlp.dubai.gov.ae
Trade name in a foreign language or numeric, or with the words Dubai, Emirates or Gulf (only in that case)AED 2,000At setupdlp.dubai.gov.ae
Issuance of a licence (Dubai, 2011 schedule)AED 600At setupdlp.dubai.gov.ae
Registration in the commercial register (Dubai, 2011 schedule)AED 200At setupdlp.dubai.gov.ae
Registration in the central register of economic activities (Dubai, 2011 schedule)AED 200At setupdlp.dubai.gov.ae
Appointing a service agent for a licence (only where one is appointed)AED 700At setupdlp.dubai.gov.ae
Licence for a general trading activity (only for general trading)AED 15,000At setupdlp.dubai.gov.ae
Urgent processing fee (optional)AED 500At setupdlp.dubai.gov.ae
Renewal of a licence (Dubai, 2011 schedule)AED 600Every yeardlp.dubai.gov.ae
Renewal of a general trading licence (only for general trading)AED 3,000Every yeardlp.dubai.gov.ae

Not published by the authorities: Dubai Chamber membership fee; Municipality (market) fee; Knowledge and Innovation Dirham and Ejari charges; Any fee changes by the Department of Economy and Tourism after 2011; Office lease cost; Department of Economy and Tourism processing time.

Time to register: The federal Basher platform states a business can be established online in 15 minutes; the page does not say this applies to every emirate or activity. Minimum share capital: No minimum set by the Commercial Companies Law: capital must be sufficient for the company's objects and paid in full at incorporation.

All official fees: RAK ICC company (offshore)

No official fee amounts are published for this route.

Not published by the authorities: RAK ICC registration fee; RAK ICC annual fee; RAK ICC set-up time; Registered agent requirement and what the company may do inside the UAE (stated only on firms' pages).

Time to register: No official set-up time published on a page that could be read.

Steps

  1. Determine the nature of the business activity moet.gov.ae
  2. Determine the company's legal structure moet.gov.ae
  3. Register the trade name moet.gov.ae
  4. Select the business space and location moet.gov.ae
  5. Obtain the initial approval moet.gov.ae
  6. Register and pay the fees moet.gov.ae
  7. Register for corporate tax within three months of incorporation tax.gov.ae

Documents and requirements

  • Mainland: a memorandum of association (MOA) or a local service agent agreement (LSA) moet.gov.ae
  • DMCC: articles of association, prepared as part of the registration dmcc.ae
  • Beneficial owner records and the register of partners or shareholders, filed with the registrar within 60 days of licensing dda.gov.ae
  • Foreign investors can fully own mainland companies; activities of strategic impact may face restrictions on foreign ownership u.ae
  • One person may incorporate and own a mainland limited liability company moet.gov.ae
  • In a free zone, an FZE allows a single shareholder and an FZCO allows several shareholders jafza.ae
  • A beneficial owner is a natural person holding 25% or more of the capital or voting rights, directly or indirectly dda.gov.ae
  • Meydan Free Zone: no mandatory requirement to lease a physical office meydanfz.ae

Every year

  • Corporate tax return within 9 months from the end of the tax period mof.gov.ae
  • Late corporate tax registration carries an administrative penalty of AED 10,000 mof.gov.ae
  • Records and documents kept for 7 years after the end of the tax period mof.gov.ae
  • Audited financial statements required for a Qualifying Free Zone Person and for revenue over AED 50,000,000 tax.gov.ae
  • Mainland LLC: accounts audited every year by one or more auditors elected by the partners moet.gov.ae
  • RAKEZ: audited financial statements by a RAKEZ approved auditor within six months of the financial year end; late filing fine AED 2,500 rakez.com
  • DMCC: accounts approved by the directors and reported on by a DMCCA approved auditor within six months of the financial year end dmcc.ae
  • RAKEZ: licences are generally valid for one year; late renewal penalty AED 50 per day rakez.com

Company setup cost

United Kingdom

Setup cost GBP 178 to 288 about EUR 212 to 344
First year in total GBP 834 to 1,920 about EUR 996 to 2,290
Registration time About 1 day once the application is complete

Official fees of the base option plus the starting prices published by firms for the services switched on below.

Services from a firm

Starting prices published by firms on Accountanty, one price per firm. Most firms do not say whether government fees are included.

  • GBP 78 to GBP 188 one-offStarting prices published by 38 firms
  • GBP 564 to GBP 1,410 per yearStarting prices published by 63 firms
  • GBP 42 to GBP 170 per yearStarting prices published by 15 firms
  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (1)
  • GBP 57 to GBP 89 per yearStarting prices published by 8 firms
  • GBP 57 to GBP 134 one-offStarting prices published by 8 firms
  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (1)

Breakdown of the estimate

Companies House incorporation fee (online or software)GBP 100Official, at setupgov.uk
Confirmation statement fee (online or software)GBP 50Official, every yeargov.uk
Company formation by a firmGBP 78 to GBP 188Firms, one-offStarting prices published by 38 firms
Accounting and annual accounts (small company)GBP 564 to GBP 1,410Firms, per yearStarting prices published by 63 firms
Registered office or legal addressGBP 42 to GBP 170Firms, per yearStarting prices published by 15 firms
Company secretaryPrice on requestFirms, per yearFewer than 5 firms publish a price (1)
Annual return or annual report filingGBP 57 to GBP 89Firms, per yearStarting prices published by 8 firms
VAT registrationGBP 57 to GBP 134Firms, one-offStarting prices published by 8 firms
Bank account opening assistancePrice on requestFirms, one-offFewer than 5 firms publish a price (1)

Base: online incorporation and online confirmation statement.

Get your detailed report and quotes from firms in the United Kingdom

We email you a PDF with the official fees and their sources, the firms' starting prices, the steps, the documents, the yearly obligations and the firms offering company formation in the United Kingdom. We also share your request with firms we select there, who may contact you with quotes.

Taxes in the United Kingdom

Your country of residence may tax the dividends you receive, and it may also tax the company's profits under its rules on foreign companies controlled by its residents. A company managed from your country may be treated as resident there. This is general information, not tax advice.

Corporate tax

  • For the financial year starting 1 April 2026: small profits rate 19% for profits up to GBP 50,000, main rate 25% for profits over GBP 250,000, Marginal Relief in between with a standard fraction of 3/200. gov.uk
  • Marginal Relief reduces the tax by the standard fraction applied to the difference between the upper limit and the company's augmented profits (Corporation Tax Act 2010, section 18B). legislation.gov.uk
  • The GBP 50,000 and GBP 250,000 limits are divided by one plus the number of associated companies, and reduced for accounting periods shorter than 12 months. gov.uk

Tax on dividends paid abroad

  • UK companies do not deduct income tax from the dividends they pay. gov.uk
  • From 2026-27, UK dividend income is not taxable for most non-UK residents, except individuals who also have other taxable UK income. gov.uk

VAT

  • VAT standard rate 20%, reduced rate 5%, zero rate 0%. gov.uk
  • Registration is required when taxable turnover for the last 12 months goes over GBP 90,000, or is expected to in the next 30 days. gov.uk
  • A business based outside the UK that supplies goods or services to the UK must register for VAT whatever its turnover. gov.uk

Try a yearly profit

Assumption: one shareholder, an individual who is not resident in the United Kingdom, holds 100% of the company; the company has no associated companies and a 12-month accounting period.

Paid out as dividends

Destination taxes only, before tax treaties and before any tax in your country of residence.

Corporate tax in the United KingdomGBP 22,750 (22.8%)
Dividend paidGBP 77,250
Tax withheld in the United Kingdom on the dividendGBP 0
Dividend received, before any tax in your countryGBP 77,250
Profit kept in the companyGBP 0
  • Between GBP 50,000 and GBP 250,000 the figure applies Marginal Relief with the 3/200 fraction to a company without dividend income from other companies.

Tax facts checked on 2026-10-23 from the official sources linked above. Rates change: check them with a firm before you act.

How the estimate is built

What the figures include

  • Firms' figures are starting prices published by firms listed on Accountanty, read from their websites in October 2026: the range runs from the lower to the upper quartile, with at least 8 firms; "from" means 5 to 7 firms; below 5 the price is on request.
  • Official fees are added up only for the base option named in the breakdown. Other options and fees that apply only in some cases are listed separately.
  • Euro amounts are approximate: Euro equivalents at the ECB reference rate of 2026-10-22; AED and SAR via their US dollar pegs.

All official fees

Companies House incorporation fee (online or software)GBP 100At setupgov.uk
Companies House incorporation fee (paper form IN01, only if filed by post)GBP 124At setupgov.uk
Confirmation statement fee (online or software)GBP 50Every yeargov.uk
Confirmation statement fee (paper, only if filed on paper)GBP 110Every yeargov.uk

Not published by the authorities: Identity verification through an Authorised Corporate Service Provider (the agent sets its own charge; GOV.UK One Login is free).

Time to register: Online registration is usually done within 24 hours; postal applications take 8 to 10 days. Minimum share capital: At least one shareholder taking at least one share; a share can have any value, for example GBP 1.

Steps

  1. Choose a company name, a SIC code and the shareholders, directors and people with significant control gov.uk
  2. Each director and person with significant control verifies their identity and gets a Companies House personal code gov.uk
  3. Arrange a UK registered office address and a registered email address gov.uk
  4. Register the company with Companies House online and pay the GBP 100 fee gov.uk
  5. Receive the 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference and add Corporation Tax to the business tax account gov.uk
  6. Tell HMRC the company is active within 3 months of starting its tax accounting period gov.uk

Documents and requirements

  • Memorandum of association gov.uk
  • Articles of association gov.uk
  • Statement of capital gov.uk
  • Details of people with significant control, which cannot be left blank gov.uk
  • At least one director aged 16 or over; directors do not have to live in the UK gov.uk
  • The company must have a UK registered office: a physical address in the UK, not a Royal Mail PO Box gov.uk
  • A company secretary is not needed for a private limited company gov.uk
  • Identity verification of directors and people with significant control is a legal requirement since 18 November 2025 gov.uk
  • Directors must give a service address, which is publicly available gov.uk

Every year

  • At least one confirmation statement every 12 months, filed up to 14 days after the review period ends gov.uk
  • First accounts due 21 months after registration; later accounts 9 months after the financial year ends gov.uk
  • Company Tax Return due 12 months after the accounting period ends; Corporation Tax paid 9 months and 1 day after it ends gov.uk
  • Audit exemption possible with at least 2 of: turnover up to GBP 15 million, assets up to GBP 7.5 million, 50 or fewer employees gov.uk
  • Late accounts penalties for a private company: GBP 150 up to 1 month late, rising to GBP 1,500 after 6 months gov.uk

Company setup cost

Ireland

Setup cost EUR 247 to 375
First year in total EUR 2,270 to 3,740 + firms' fees on request for resident director
Registration time 7 to 14 days once the application is complete

Official fees of the base option plus the starting prices published by firms for the services switched on below. The figures do not include the firm's fees for resident director, which firms in Ireland quote on request.

Services from a firm

Starting prices published by firms on Accountanty, one price per firm. Most firms do not say whether government fees are included.

  • EUR 197 to EUR 325 one-offStarting prices published by 19 firms
  • EUR 1,500 to EUR 2,700 per yearStarting prices published by 13 firms
  • EUR 250 to EUR 349 per yearStarting prices published by 11 firms
  • EUR 250 to EUR 296 per yearStarting prices published by 8 firms
  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (3)
  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (1)
  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (3)
  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (2)

Breakdown of the estimate

CRO registration fee (Form A1, electronic; no paper option in the fee schedule)EUR 50Official, at setupirishstatutebook.ie
Annual return (Form B1) filed on time, electronicEUR 20Official, every yearirishstatutebook.ie
Company formation by a firmEUR 197 to EUR 325Firms, one-offStarting prices published by 19 firms
Accounting and annual accounts (small company)EUR 1,500 to EUR 2,700Firms, per yearStarting prices published by 13 firms
Registered office or legal addressEUR 250 to EUR 349Firms, per yearStarting prices published by 11 firms
Company secretaryEUR 250 to EUR 296Firms, per yearStarting prices published by 8 firms
Resident director servicePrice on requestFirms, per yearFewer than 5 firms publish a price (3)
Annual return or annual report filingPrice on requestFirms, per yearFewer than 5 firms publish a price (1)
VAT registrationPrice on requestFirms, one-offFewer than 5 firms publish a price (3)
Bank account opening assistancePrice on requestFirms, one-offFewer than 5 firms publish a price (2)

Base: electronic incorporation (Form A1) and annual return filed on time.

Get your detailed report and quotes from firms in Ireland

We email you a PDF with the official fees and their sources, the firms' starting prices, the steps, the documents, the yearly obligations and the firms offering company formation in Ireland. We also share your request with firms we select there, who may contact you with quotes.

Taxes in Ireland

Your country of residence may tax the dividends you receive, and it may also tax the company's profits under its rules on foreign companies controlled by its residents. A company managed from your country may be treated as resident there. This is general information, not tax advice.

Corporate tax

  • Corporation tax is 12.5% on trading income and 25% on non-trading income, such as rental and investment income, and on income from an excepted trade. revenue.ie
  • Pillar Two: groups with revenue over EUR 750 million in two of the previous four fiscal years pay a minimum of 15% on profits. revenue.ie

Tax on dividends paid abroad

  • Irish resident companies withhold Dividend Withholding Tax at 25% on distributions. revenue.ie
  • Non-resident individuals who are tax resident in another EU or EEA state or a treaty country can claim exemption on Form V2A, certified by the tax authority of their country; the exemption is not automatic. revenue.ie

VAT

  • VAT standard rate 23%, reduced rates 13.5% and 9%. revenue.ie
  • Registration thresholds: EUR 42,500 for businesses supplying services only, EUR 85,000 for businesses supplying goods. revenue.ie

Try a yearly profit

Assumption: one shareholder, an individual who is not resident in Ireland, holds 100% of the company.

Paid out as dividends
What kind of income does the company earn?

Destination taxes only, before tax treaties and before any tax in your country of residence.

Corporate tax in IrelandEUR 12,500 (12.5%)
Dividend paidEUR 87,500
Tax withheld in Ireland on the dividendEUR 21,875
Dividend received, before any tax in your countryEUR 65,625
Profit kept in the companyEUR 0
  • The 25% Dividend Withholding Tax is shown as withheld. A shareholder resident in an EU or EEA state or a treaty country can claim exemption on Form V2A before the payment; with the exemption, nothing is withheld.

Tax facts checked on 2026-10-23 from the official sources linked above. Rates change: check them with a firm before you act.

How the estimate is built

What the figures include

  • Firms' figures are starting prices published by firms listed on Accountanty, read from their websites in October 2026: the range runs from the lower to the upper quartile, with at least 8 firms; "from" means 5 to 7 firms; below 5 the price is on request.
  • Official fees are added up only for the base option named in the breakdown. Other options and fees that apply only in some cases are listed separately.
  • With two or more directors the secretary may be one of them; a company with a single director needs a separate secretary.
  • The requirement for a director resident in the EEA can also be met after incorporation with a CRO certificate of a real and continuous link with an activity in Ireland (Form B67).
  • An annual return filed late costs EUR 120 plus EUR 3 a day, up to EUR 1,220.

All official fees

CRO registration fee (Form A1, electronic; no paper option in the fee schedule)EUR 50At setupirishstatutebook.ie
Name reservation (optional, electronic)EUR 25At setupirishstatutebook.ie
Annual return (Form B1) filed on time, electronicEUR 20Every yearirishstatutebook.ie

Not published by the authorities: Cost of the EUR 25,000 section 137 bond (set by the bank or insurer that acts as surety); Beneficial ownership filing: no fee (RBO states there are no filing fees).

Time to register: The CRO aims to issue the certificate within ten working days of complete documents; five working days under the Fás Phráinn scheme with a CRO-approved standard constitution. Minimum share capital: No minimum amount for an LTD: each subscriber takes at least one share of a fixed amount.

Steps

  1. Choose the company name and, if wanted, reserve it for 28 days cro.ie
  2. Classify the principal activity with a NACE code and confirm the activity will be carried on in the State cro.ie
  3. Arrange an EEA-resident director or a EUR 25,000 bond effective at the date of incorporation cro.ie
  4. Submit Form A1 and the constitution on CORE cro.ie
  5. Register for tax with Revenue using the CRO number (Form TR2, or TR2 (FT) for foreign companies, or through a tax agent on ROS) revenue.ie
  6. File the beneficial owners with the RBO within 5 months of incorporation irishstatutebook.ie

Documents and requirements

  • Form A1: name, registered office, secretary and directors with their consent, subscribers and their shares, and the activity declaration cro.ie
  • Constitution: for an LTD, a one-document constitution consisting of the articles of association cro.ie
  • Where no director is EEA-resident: a certified copy of the section 137 bond, submitted with Form A1 cro.ie
  • At least one director, aged 18 or over and not a body corporate cro.ie
  • One director must be resident in the EEA, unless the company holds a EUR 25,000 bond valid for at least two years cro.ie
  • An LTD with a single director must have a separate person registered as secretary cro.ie
  • Every company must maintain a registered office in the State at a physical location, not a post office box cro.ie
  • The company must carry on an activity in the State to be registered cro.ie

Every year

  • First annual return date 6 months after incorporation, then each anniversary revisedacts.lawreform.ie
  • Annual return (Form B1) delivered within 56 days after the annual return date revisedacts.lawreform.ie
  • Late annual return: EUR 120 plus EUR 3 a day, up to EUR 1,220 per return irishstatutebook.ie
  • Audit exemption for a small company: 2 of turnover up to EUR 15 million, balance sheet up to EUR 7.5 million, 50 employees or fewer revisedacts.lawreform.ie
  • Changes to directors and secretary filed on Form B10 within 14 days cro.ie

Company setup cost

Malta

Official fees only, at setup EUR 100 + firms' fees (on request)
Official fees only, every year EUR 85 + firms' fees (on request)
Registration time About 1 day once the application is complete

Official fees are paid to the authorities in any case. The total cost depends on the firm's fees for formation, accounting, registered office and company secretary, which firms in Malta quote on request.

Get quotes from firms in Malta Free. We email you the detailed report and share your request with firms we select in Malta, who quote their fees.

Services from a firm

Starting prices published by firms on Accountanty, one price per firm.

  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (3)
  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (1)
  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (1)
  • No published prices
  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (2)

Breakdown of the estimate

Registration fee (authorised capital up to EUR 1,500, online)EUR 100Official, at setupmbr.mt
Annual return fee (authorised capital up to EUR 1,500, online)EUR 85Official, every yearlegislation.mt
Company formation by a firmPrice on requestFirms, one-offFewer than 5 firms publish a price (3)
Accounting and annual accounts (small company)Price on requestFirms, per yearFewer than 5 firms publish a price (1)
Registered office or legal addressPrice on requestFirms, per yearFewer than 5 firms publish a price (1)
Company secretaryNo published pricesFirms, one-off
Bank account opening assistancePrice on requestFirms, one-offFewer than 5 firms publish a price (2)

Base: a private company with authorised capital up to EUR 1,500 (the legal minimum is EUR 1,164.69), registered online.

Get your detailed report and quotes from firms in Malta

We email you a PDF with the official fees and their sources, the firms' starting prices, the steps, the documents, the yearly obligations and the firms offering company formation in Malta. We also share your request with firms we select there, who may contact you with quotes.

Taxes in Malta

Your country of residence may tax the dividends you receive, and it may also tax the company's profits under its rules on foreign companies controlled by its residents. A company managed from your country may be treated as resident there. This is general information, not tax advice.

Corporate tax

  • Companies are taxed at a flat rate of 35% on chargeable income. mtca.gov.mt
  • When dividends are distributed, shareholders may claim a refund of part or all of the tax paid by the company. mtca.gov.mt
  • Refunds are set by article 48(4) and (4A) of the Income Tax Management Act; the fraction depends on the kind of income and on the structure. legislation.mt
  • From year of assessment 2025 a company may elect a final 15% tax instead of 35%: no refunds, at least five years, and never less than the 35% tax net of shareholder refunds. legislation.mt

Tax on dividends paid abroad

  • 15% is deducted only from dividends paid out of untaxed profits to Malta residents other than companies, or to non-residents controlled by persons resident and domiciled in Malta. legislation.mt
  • A dividend paid from taxed profits to a non-resident individual not controlled by Malta residents has no withholding. legislation.mt

VAT

  • VAT standard rate 18%. legislation.mt
  • A taxable person established in Malta applies for VAT registration within 30 days of its first taxable supply; small undertakings can register under article 11 up to EUR 35,000 of domestic turnover. legislation.mt

Try a yearly profit

Assumption: one shareholder, an individual who is not resident in Malta, holds 100% of the company.

Paid out as dividends

Destination taxes only, before tax treaties and before any tax in your country of residence.

35% rate (refunds not computed)15% final tax election
Corporate tax in MaltaEUR 35,000 (35%)EUR 15,000 (15%)
Dividend paidEUR 65,000EUR 85,000
Tax withheld in Malta on the dividendEUR 0EUR 0
Dividend received, before any tax in your countryEUR 65,000EUR 85,000
Profit kept in the companyEUR 0EUR 0

35% rate (refunds not computed)

Corporate tax in MaltaEUR 35,000 (35%)
Dividend paidEUR 65,000
Tax withheld in Malta on the dividendEUR 0
Dividend received, before any tax in your countryEUR 65,000
Profit kept in the companyEUR 0

15% final tax election

Corporate tax in MaltaEUR 15,000 (15%)
Dividend paidEUR 85,000
Tax withheld in Malta on the dividendEUR 0
Dividend received, before any tax in your countryEUR 85,000
Profit kept in the companyEUR 0
  • The 35% figures show the tax paid by the company before any shareholder refund. Refunds are claimed by the shareholder after a dividend and depend on the kind of income and on the structure, so they are not computed here.

Shareholders may be entitled to refunds that reduce the effective tax, depending on the structure of the company and its income. Ask firms in Malta to assess your case.

Ask firms in Malta for an assessment

Tax facts checked on 2026-10-23 from the official sources linked above. Rates change: check them with a firm before you act.

How the estimate is built

What the figures include

  • Firms' figures are starting prices published by firms listed on Accountanty, read from their websites in October 2026: the range runs from the lower to the upper quartile, with at least 8 firms; "from" means 5 to 7 firms; below 5 the price is on request.
  • Official fees are added up only for the base option named in the breakdown. Other options and fees that apply only in some cases are listed separately.
  • Registration and annual return fees depend on the authorised share capital, in ten bands from EUR 100 (registration) and EUR 85 (annual return) up to EUR 1,900 and EUR 1,200 above EUR 2,500,000.
  • Since 1 March 2025 incorporations are filed online, so paper-format fees are not shown.
  • A small company can be exempt from audit under the Companies Act, but the tax rules may still require an auditor's report, so the calculator assumes an audit.

All official fees

Registration fee (authorised capital up to EUR 1,500, online)EUR 100At setupmbr.mt
Registration fee (authorised capital over EUR 1,500 to EUR 5,000, online): EUR 210 plus EUR 12 per EUR 500 over EUR 1,500EUR 210At setupmbr.mt
Name reservation, per name (optional)EUR 10At setuplegislation.mt
Annual return fee (authorised capital up to EUR 1,500, online)EUR 85Every yearlegislation.mt
Annual return fee (authorised capital over EUR 1,500 to EUR 5,000, online)EUR 120Every yearlegislation.mt

Not published by the authorities: Residence rules for directors and the company secretary (the Companies Act sets none and no official page states the position); Whether the registered office must be a physical office (stated only by firms); How long MTCA takes in practice to pay shareholder tax refunds.

Time to register: Within 24 hours of a complete online application, including due diligence documents. Minimum share capital: At least EUR 1,164.69 authorised, 20% of each share taken up paid up at signing.

Steps

  1. Draw up the memorandum and articles, naming the objects, the registered office in Malta, the first directors and the company secretary legislation.mt
  2. Subscribers sign the memorandum and pay up at least 20% of each share taken up legislation.mt
  3. Prepare the beneficial owner declaration (Form BO1) where needed mbr.mt
  4. Submit the incorporation online to the Malta Business Registry with the due diligence documents mbr.mt
  5. Receive the certificate of registration; the company exists and may start business from that date legislation.mt
  6. An income tax number is generated automatically once the company is registered mtca.gov.mt
  7. Register for VAT, which all companies registered in Malta must do mtca.gov.mt

Documents and requirements

  • Memorandum of association subscribed by at least two persons, or by the single member legislation.mt
  • Articles of association legislation.mt
  • Each director's signed consent to act, on the memorandum or in a separate written consent legislation.mt
  • Beneficial owner declaration (Form BO1), unless all shareholders are natural persons disclosed in the memorandum mbr.mt
  • At least one director legislation.mt
  • Every company must have a company secretary, who cannot be its sole director (except in an exempt company) legislation.mt
  • The memorandum must state a registered office in Malta and an email address legislation.mt
  • Anyone providing company formation, directors, secretaries or a registered office as a service must be authorised by the MFSA legislation.mt
  • The objects may not be stated simply as any lawful purpose or trade in general legislation.mt

Every year

  • Annual return within 42 days of the anniversary of registration legislation.mt
  • Annual accounts with the auditors' report and directors' report delivered to the Registrar within 42 days of the period for laying them legislation.mt
  • Tax return and self-assessment within nine months of the financial year end, submitted by a registered tax practitioner mtca.gov.mt
  • Late annual return or accounts: maximum penalty EUR 2,329 plus EUR 46 a day legislation.mt
  • Companies Act audit exemption for small private companies under 2 of: balance sheet EUR 46,600, turnover EUR 93,000, 2 employees legislation.mt

Company setup cost

Cyprus

Setup cost EUR 1,350 to 2,000
First year in total From EUR 2,490
Registration time Not published once the application is complete

Official fees of the base option plus the starting prices published by firms for the services switched on below.

Services from a firm

Starting prices published by firms on Accountanty, one price per firm. Most firms do not say whether government fees are included.

  • EUR 1,170 to EUR 1,820 one-offStarting prices published by 19 firms
  • EUR 500 to EUR 2,100 per yearStarting prices published by 9 firms
  • EUR 295 to EUR 600 per yearStarting prices published by 8 firms
  • From EUR 325 per yearStarting prices published by 7 firms
  • From EUR 800 per yearStarting prices published by 6 firms
  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (2)
  • From EUR 300 one-offStarting prices published by 6 firms
  • EUR 500 to EUR 812 one-offStarting prices published by 8 firms
  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (4)

Breakdown of the estimate

Name approval, per proposed nameEUR 10Official, at setupcompanies.gov.cy
Incorporation fee (online, company with share capital)EUR 165Official, at setupcompanies.gov.cy
Annual return filing feeEUR 20Official, every yearcompanies.gov.cy
Company formation by a firmEUR 1,170 to EUR 1,820Firms, one-offStarting prices published by 19 firms
Accounting and annual accounts (small company)EUR 500 to EUR 2,100Firms, per yearStarting prices published by 9 firms
Registered office or legal addressEUR 295 to EUR 600Firms, per yearStarting prices published by 8 firms
Company secretaryFrom EUR 325Firms, per yearStarting prices published by 7 firms
Resident director serviceFrom EUR 800Firms, per yearStarting prices published by 6 firms
Annual return or annual report filingPrice on requestFirms, per yearFewer than 5 firms publish a price (2)
VAT registrationFrom EUR 300Firms, one-offStarting prices published by 6 firms
Bank account opening assistanceEUR 500 to EUR 812Firms, one-offStarting prices published by 8 firms
Residence visaPrice on requestFirms, one-offFewer than 5 firms publish a price (4)

Base: one name approval and online incorporation of a company with share capital, without the optional faster services.

Get your detailed report and quotes from firms in Cyprus

We email you a PDF with the official fees and their sources, the firms' starting prices, the steps, the documents, the yearly obligations and the firms offering company formation in Cyprus. We also share your request with firms we select there, who may contact you with quotes.

Taxes in Cyprus

Your country of residence may tax the dividends you receive, and it may also tax the company's profits under its rules on foreign companies controlled by its residents. A company managed from your country may be treated as resident there. This is general information, not tax advice.

Corporate tax

  • From 1 January 2026 Cyprus companies pay corporate income tax at 15%. gov.cy

Tax on dividends paid abroad

  • Individuals who are not Cyprus tax resident, or not domiciled in Cyprus, are not subject to Special Defence Contribution on dividends. gov.cy
  • Dividends paid to a non-resident company carry Special Defence Contribution only if that company is resident in a jurisdiction on the official lists: 5% or 17% depending on the list. gov.cy

VAT

  • VAT standard rate 19%; reduced rates 9% and 5%; super reduced rate 3%. europa.eu
  • VAT registration when taxable supplies exceed EUR 15,600 in the last 12 months or are expected to in the next 30 days. companies.gov.cy

Try a yearly profit

Assumption: one shareholder, an individual who is not resident in Cyprus, holds 100% of the company.

Paid out as dividends

Destination taxes only, before tax treaties and before any tax in your country of residence.

Corporate tax in CyprusEUR 15,000 (15%)
Dividend paidEUR 85,000
Tax withheld in Cyprus on the dividendEUR 0
Dividend received, before any tax in your countryEUR 85,000
Profit kept in the companyEUR 0
  • Nothing is shown as withheld on the dividend because a non-resident individual is not subject to Special Defence Contribution.

Tax facts checked on 2026-10-23 from the official sources linked above. Rates change: check them with a firm before you act.

How the estimate is built

What the figures include

  • Firms' figures are starting prices published by firms listed on Accountanty, read from their websites in October 2026: the range runs from the lower to the upper quartile, with at least 8 firms; "from" means 5 to 7 firms; below 5 the price is on request.
  • Official fees are added up only for the base option named in the breakdown. Other options and fees that apply only in some cases are listed separately.
  • The annual company fee was abolished from 2024 (Law N.25(I)/2024).
  • A company without share capital costs EUR 235 to incorporate online instead of EUR 165.
  • A company secretary is required; a sole member who is also the sole director may act as secretary.
  • Deemed dividend distribution is abolished for profits of the years from 2026.

All official fees

Name approval, per proposed nameEUR 10At setupcompanies.gov.cy
Faster name approval, per proposed name (optional, on top of the EUR 10)EUR 20At setupcompanies.gov.cy
Incorporation fee (online, company with share capital)EUR 165At setupcompanies.gov.cy
Accelerated registration (optional, on top of the incorporation fee)EUR 100At setupcompanies.gov.cy
File of translations (optional)EUR 160At setupcompanies.gov.cy
Annual return filing feeEUR 20Every yearcompanies.gov.cy

Not published by the authorities: Lawyer's fee for preparing and signing the memorandum, articles and form HE1 (not regulated); Registration time in working days, standard and accelerated.

Time to register: Registration is generally completed within a few days; the Registrar offers an accelerated procedure for an extra fee. Minimum share capital: No minimum share capital for a private company.

Steps

  1. Apply to the Registrar of Companies for approval of the company name companies.gov.cy
  2. A lawyer licensed by the Cyprus Bar Association prepares and signs the memorandum, articles and form HE1 investcyprus.org.cy
  3. File the incorporation through e-filing within six months of the name approval companies.gov.cy
  4. Register with the Tax Department and obtain a tax number within 60 days of incorporation companies.gov.cy
  5. Enter the beneficial owners in the register within 90 days of incorporation companies.gov.cy
  6. Register with the Social Insurance Services when the company becomes an employer companies.gov.cy

Documents and requirements

  • Memorandum and articles of association, signed in Greek companies.gov.cy
  • Statutory declaration form HE1, signed and sworn before the court by the lawyer companies.gov.cy
  • By hand or post: form HE2 (registered office address) and form HE3 (first directors and secretary) companies.gov.cy
  • At least one director, aged 18 or over companies.gov.cy
  • One company secretary aged 18 or over; the director may also be secretary only with one member and one director companies.gov.cy
  • A registered office address is filed with the incorporation (form HE2) companies.gov.cy
  • Only lawyers licensed by the Cyprus Bar Association may prepare and sign the memorandum investcyprus.org.cy
  • Firms that provide administrative services to companies need a CySEC licence cysec.gov.cy

Every year

  • First annual return made up 18 months after incorporation, then yearly, filed within 28 days of its drafting date companies.gov.cy
  • Late annual return: up to EUR 50, plus EUR 1 a day, to a maximum of EUR 150 companies.gov.cy
  • Every private company's financial statements are audited by a statutory auditor cylaw.org
  • A review may replace the audit where turnover and balance sheet stay within EUR 300,000 and EUR 500,000 for two consecutive years cylaw.org
  • From tax year 2026 every Cyprus company files a tax return, whatever its income, by 31 January of the second following year gov.cy
  • Beneficial owner details confirmed each year between 1 October and 31 December companies.gov.cy

Company setup cost

Saudi Arabia

Setup cost From SAR 11,900 about From EUR 2,830
First year in total From SAR 13,100 + firms' fees on request for accounting and registered office about From EUR 3,120
Registration time Not published once the application is complete

Official fees of the base option plus the starting prices published by firms for the services switched on below. The figures do not include the firm's fees for accounting and registered office, which firms in Saudi Arabia quote on request.

Services from a firm

Starting prices published by firms on Accountanty, one price per firm. Most firms do not say whether government fees are included.

  • From SAR 10,000 one-offStarting prices published by 6 firms
  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (4)
  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (1)
  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (1)

Breakdown of the estimate

Commercial registration, LLC under an investment licence (Ministry of Commerce)SAR 1,200Official, at setupmc.gov.sa
Publication fee (Ministry of Commerce)SAR 500Official, at setupmc.gov.sa
Trade name reservation, Arabic nameSAR 200Official, at setupmc.gov.sa
Annual confirmation of the commercial registration, LLC (Ministry of Commerce)SAR 1,200Official, every yearmc.gov.sa
Company formation by a firmFrom SAR 10,000Firms, one-offStarting prices published by 6 firms
Accounting and annual accounts (small company)Price on requestFirms, per yearFewer than 5 firms publish a price (4)
Registered office or legal addressPrice on requestFirms, per yearFewer than 5 firms publish a price (1)
VAT registrationPrice on requestFirms, one-offFewer than 5 firms publish a price (1)

Base: Ministry of Commerce fees for an LLC with an Arabic trade name, before 15% VAT. The MISA investment licence fee is set on approval and not published, so it is not included.

Get your detailed report and quotes from firms in Saudi Arabia

We email you a PDF with the official fees and their sources, the firms' starting prices, the steps, the documents, the yearly obligations and the firms offering company formation in Saudi Arabia. We also share your request with firms we select there, who may contact you with quotes.

Taxes in Saudi Arabia

Your country of residence may tax the dividends you receive, and it may also tax the company's profits under its rules on foreign companies controlled by its residents. A company managed from your country may be treated as resident there. This is general information, not tax advice.

Corporate tax

  • Income tax is 20% of the tax base of a resident capital company, on the shares held directly or indirectly by non-Saudi persons. zatca.gov.sa
  • Zakat is 2.5% of the zakat base on the shares of Saudi partners and of those treated as GCC citizens. zatca.gov.sa

Tax on dividends paid abroad

  • Withholding tax on dividends paid to non-residents is 5%. zatca.gov.sa

VAT

  • VAT standard rate 15%; registration is mandatory above SAR 375,000 of taxable supplies in 12 months and voluntary above SAR 187,500. zatca.gov.sa

Try a yearly profit

Assumption: one shareholder, an individual who is not resident in Saudi Arabia, holds 100% of the company; the shareholder is not Saudi or a GCC citizen, so the whole company is subject to income tax and not to zakat.

Paid out as dividends

Destination taxes only, before tax treaties and before any tax in your country of residence.

Corporate tax in Saudi ArabiaSAR 100,000 (20%)
Dividend paidSAR 400,000
Tax withheld in Saudi Arabia on the dividendSAR 20,000
Dividend received, before any tax in your countrySAR 380,000
Profit kept in the companySAR 0
  • The figure applies 20% to the profit. The tax base is set by Saudi tax rules and can differ from the accounting profit.

Tax facts checked on 2026-10-23 from the official sources linked above. Rates change: check them with a firm before you act.

How the estimate is built

What the figures include

  • Firms' figures are starting prices published by firms listed on Accountanty, read from their websites in October 2026: the range runs from the lower to the upper quartile, with at least 8 firms; "from" means 5 to 7 firms; below 5 the price is on request.
  • Official fees are added up only for the base option named in the breakdown. Other options and fees that apply only in some cases are listed separately.
  • Euro amounts are approximate: Euro equivalents at the ECB reference rate of 2026-10-22; AED and SAR via their US dollar pegs.
  • Ministry of Commerce fees are stated before 15% VAT.
  • The MISA registration and annual update fees are set by the ministry on approval; no amount is published.
  • No official end-to-end time is published; bank account, chamber, municipal licence, GOSI and visas are not in the figures.
  • No minimum capital is published for services or consulting activities outside the MISA table.
  • Reserving a trade name takes 10 days, according to the Ministry of Commerce.

All official fees

Commercial registration, LLC under an investment licence (Ministry of Commerce)SAR 1,200At setupmc.gov.sa
Publication fee (Ministry of Commerce)SAR 500At setupmc.gov.sa
Trade name reservation, Arabic nameSAR 200At setupmc.gov.sa
Trade name reservation, English nameSAR 500At setupmc.gov.sa
Annual confirmation of the commercial registration, LLC (Ministry of Commerce)SAR 1,200Every yearmc.gov.sa

Not published by the authorities: MISA investment registration fee (set by the ministry on approval; no amount published); MISA annual update fee (set by the ministry on approval; no amount published); Chamber of Commerce subscription and renewal; Municipal licence fees; Document authentication at Saudi missions abroad.

Time to register: MISA registration: estimated 10 working days. The Ministry of Commerce then establishes the company within 72 hours. No official end-to-end figure is published. Minimum share capital: No minimum is set for most activities. Trading activities need SAR 26,666,667 with a Saudi partner, or SAR 30,000,000 when 100% foreign.

Steps

  1. Have each foreign partner's documents authenticated through a Saudi mission abroad misa.gov.sa
  2. Register the investment with the Ministry of Investment (MISA) before investing misa.gov.sa
  3. Pay the MISA registration fee within 15 business days of notification, or the registration is void misa.gov.sa
  4. Reserve the trade name with the Ministry of Commerce mc.gov.sa
  5. Establish the company with the Ministry of Commerce once the investment certificate has at least 30 days of validity mc.gov.sa
  6. Open files with the labour ministry, ZATCA and GOSI, register the national address with Saudi Post and join the chamber mc.gov.sa
  7. Open a bank account linked to the establishment mc.gov.sa

Documents and requirements

  • Copy of the foreign partner's commercial registration, certified by the Saudi embassy misa.gov.sa
  • Financial statements of the foreign partner for the last fiscal year, authenticated by the Saudi embassy misa.gov.sa
  • Articles of association, authenticated electronically through the Ministry of Commerce misa.gov.sa
  • A foreign investor registers with MISA before engaging in any investment misa.gov.sa
  • Whether a local partner is needed depends on the activity misa.gov.sa
  • Professional companies need licensed Saudi partners holding at least 25% mc.gov.sa
  • The company has Saudi nationality and its headquarters in the Kingdom misa.gov.sa
  • An LLC can be set up by one or more natural or legal persons misa.gov.sa

Every year

  • Electronic confirmation of the commercial registration every 12 months; a delay of 3 months suspends the register mc.gov.sa
  • Annual update of the investment registration with MISA misa.gov.sa
  • Financial statements deposited within six months of the end of the fiscal year misa.gov.sa
  • Income tax return within 120 days of the end of the taxable year zatca.gov.sa

Company setup cost

Isle of Man

2. Choose a company type
Official fees only, at setup GBP 100 + firms' fees (on request) about EUR 119
Official fees only, every year GBP 380 + firms' fees (on request) about EUR 454
Registration time 1 to 2 days once the application is complete

Official fees are paid to the authorities in any case. The total cost depends on the firm's fees for formation, accounting, registered office and company secretary, which firms in the Isle of Man quote on request.

Get quotes from firms in the Isle of Man Free. We email you the detailed report and share your request with firms we select in the Isle of Man, who quote their fees.

Services from a firm

Starting prices published by firms on Accountanty, one price per firm.

  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (2)
  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (3)
  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (1)
  • No published prices
  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (1)

Breakdown of the estimate

Incorporation, standard service (within 48 hours)GBP 100Official, at setupgov.im
Annual return, standard company, filed on timeGBP 380Official, every yeargov.im
Company formation by a firmPrice on requestFirms, one-offFewer than 5 firms publish a price (2)
Accounting and annual accounts (small company)Price on requestFirms, per yearFewer than 5 firms publish a price (3)
Registered office or legal addressPrice on requestFirms, per yearFewer than 5 firms publish a price (1)
Company secretaryNo published pricesFirms, one-off
Bank account opening assistancePrice on requestFirms, one-offFewer than 5 firms publish a price (1)

Base: standard incorporation service and annual return filed on time.

Get your detailed report and quotes from firms in the Isle of Man

We email you a PDF with the official fees and their sources, the firms' starting prices, the steps, the documents, the yearly obligations and the firms offering company formation in the Isle of Man. We also share your request with firms we select there, who may contact you with quotes.

Official fees only, at setup GBP 100 + firms' fees (on request) about EUR 119
Official fees only, every year GBP 380 + firms' fees (on request) about EUR 454
Registration time 1 to 2 days once the application is complete

Official fees are paid to the authorities in any case. The total cost depends on the firm's fees for formation, accounting and registered agent, which firms in the Isle of Man quote on request.

Get quotes from firms in the Isle of Man Free. We email you the detailed report and share your request with firms we select in the Isle of Man, who quote their fees.

Services from a firm

Starting prices published by firms on Accountanty, one price per firm.

  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (2)
  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (3)
  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (1)
  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (1)
  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (1)

Breakdown of the estimate

Incorporation, standard service (within 48 hours)GBP 100Official, at setupgov.im
Annual return, standard company, filed on timeGBP 380Official, every yeargov.im
Company formation by a firmPrice on requestFirms, one-offFewer than 5 firms publish a price (2)
Accounting and annual accounts (small company)Price on requestFirms, per yearFewer than 5 firms publish a price (3)
Registered office or legal addressPrice on requestFirms, per yearFewer than 5 firms publish a price (1)
Local agent or contact personPrice on requestFirms, per yearFewer than 5 firms publish a price (1)
Bank account opening assistancePrice on requestFirms, one-offFewer than 5 firms publish a price (1)

Base: standard incorporation service and annual return filed on time.

Get your detailed report and quotes from firms in the Isle of Man

We email you a PDF with the official fees and their sources, the firms' starting prices, the steps, the documents, the yearly obligations and the firms offering company formation in the Isle of Man. We also share your request with firms we select there, who may contact you with quotes.

Taxes in the Isle of Man

Your country of residence may tax the dividends you receive, and it may also tax the company's profits under its rules on foreign companies controlled by its residents. A company managed from your country may be treated as resident there. This is general information, not tax advice.

Corporate tax

  • For the 2025-26 and 2026-27 tax years the standard rate of income tax on company income is 0%, with 10% on banking business income and on retail trade income above GBP 500,000, and 20% on income from land and property in the Isle of Man. gov.im
  • Resident and non-resident companies are taxed at the same rates. gov.im
  • Groups with annual revenue of EUR 750 million or more pay a minimum effective rate of 15% through the Domestic Top-up Tax, for fiscal years starting on or after 1 January 2025. gov.im

Tax on dividends paid abroad

  • Isle of Man companies apply a 0% withholding rate to dividends paid to individuals and to companies. gov.im

VAT

  • VAT standard rate 20%, reduced rate 5%. gov.im
  • The Isle of Man is treated as part of the UK for VAT purposes, with its own VAT administration. gov.im
  • Registration is required when taxable supplies in the preceding 12 months exceed GBP 90,000, or when supplies in the next 30 days alone are expected to exceed GBP 90,000. gov.im

Try a yearly profit

Assumption: one shareholder, an individual who is not resident in the Isle of Man, holds 100% of the company.

Paid out as dividends

Destination taxes only, before tax treaties and before any tax in your country of residence.

Corporate tax in the Isle of ManGBP 0 (0%)
Dividend paidGBP 100,000
Tax withheld in the Isle of Man on the dividendGBP 0
Dividend received, before any tax in your countryGBP 100,000
Profit kept in the companyGBP 0
  • The 10% rate for banking and large retail income and the 20% rate for Isle of Man land and property income are not computed here.

Tax facts checked on 2026-10-23 from the official sources linked above. Rates change: check them with a firm before you act.

How the estimate is built

What the figures include

  • Firms' figures are starting prices published by firms listed on Accountanty, read from their websites in October 2026: the range runs from the lower to the upper quartile, with at least 8 firms; "from" means 5 to 7 firms; below 5 the price is on request.
  • Official fees are added up only for the base option named in the breakdown. Other options and fees that apply only in some cases are listed separately.
  • Euro amounts are approximate: Euro equivalents at the ECB reference rate of 2026-10-22; AED and SAR via their US dollar pegs.
  • The 2 hour (GBP 250) and while-you-wait (GBP 500) incorporation fees replace the standard GBP 100 fee.
  • A late annual return costs GBP 480 (1 month and 1 day to 3 months late) or GBP 630 (more than 3 months late).
  • The official corporate tax rates page shows rates up to 2024/25.
  • Groups with annual revenue of EUR 750 million or more pay a 15% domestic top-up tax from fiscal years starting on or after 1 January 2025.

All official fees: Private company limited by shares under the Companies Act 1931

Incorporation, standard service (within 48 hours)GBP 100At setupgov.im
Incorporation, 2 hour service (instead of the standard fee)GBP 250At setupgov.im
Incorporation, while-you-wait service (instead of the standard fee)GBP 500At setupgov.im
Annual return, standard company, filed on timeGBP 380Every yeargov.im

Not published by the authorities: Minimum share capital for a private company (no official statement found); Whether a resident director or a qualified resident secretary is needed for a private company (the Registry pages state no such requirement); Audit exemption thresholds.

Time to register: Standard incorporation within 48 hours of receipt of the documents; a 2 hour service and a while-you-wait service cost more.

All official fees: Company under the Companies Act 2006 (Isle of Man)

Incorporation, standard service (within 48 hours)GBP 100At setupgov.im
Incorporation, 2 hour service (instead of the standard fee)GBP 250At setupgov.im
Incorporation, while-you-wait service (instead of the standard fee)GBP 500At setupgov.im
Annual return, standard company, filed on timeGBP 380Every yeargov.im

Not published by the authorities: Whether a 2006 Act company files accounts with the Registry (the Registry page is silent); Audit exemption thresholds.

Time to register: Standard incorporation within 48 hours of receipt of the documents; a 2 hour service and a while-you-wait service cost more. Minimum share capital: The memorandum sets the number of shares each subscriber takes and the amount paid per share; the Registry states no minimum.

Steps

  1. Obtain approval of the proposed company name from the Companies Registry gov.im
  2. For a 2006 Act company, appoint a registered agent: only the first registered agent named in the memorandum may file the application gov.im
  3. Complete the incorporation documents within the 3 month name approval period gov.im
  4. Send the documents to the Companies Registry with the fee; standard incorporation follows within 48 hours gov.im
  5. Legal owners give beneficial ownership details to the nominated officer within 21 days of incorporation gov.im
  6. For a 2006 Act company, appoint a director within one month of incorporation gov.im
  7. Register for VAT when taxable supplies in the preceding 12 months exceed GBP 90,000 gov.im

Documents and requirements

  • 1931 Act: Form 1 with the first directors, secretary and the registered office address in the Isle of Man gov.im
  • 1931 Act: memorandum and articles of association; the 1988 model specimens are optional gov.im
  • 2006 Act: memorandum naming the first registered agent and the shares each subscriber agrees to take gov.im
  • 1931 Act: at least two directors who are individuals and at least one company secretary; corporate directors are not permitted gov.im
  • 1931 Act: the registered office must be in the Isle of Man at all times gov.im
  • 2006 Act: a registered agent holding a Class 4 licence from the Financial Services Authority gov.im
  • 2006 Act: one director, which can be a corporate body, and at least one member stated on the memorandum gov.im
  • A nominated officer for beneficial ownership: an Isle of Man resident individual or a licence holder gov.im
  • Disqualified directors and undischarged bankrupts cannot take part in forming or managing a company without leave of the court gov.im

Every year

  • Annual return due within 1 month of its made-up date (AR form for 1931 Act, IMAR form for 2006 Act companies) gov.im
  • Company tax return filed online and tax paid within 12 months and one day after the end of the accounting period gov.im
  • A private 1931 Act company does not deliver audited accounts to the Registry unless it is a subsidiary of a Manx public company gov.im

Company setup cost

Poland

2. Choose a company type
Setup cost PLN 840 to 1,690 about EUR 192 to 387
First year in total PLN 6,430 to 11,650 about EUR 1,470 to 2,670
Registration time About 1 day once the application is complete

Official fees of the base option plus the starting prices published by firms for the services switched on below.

Services from a firm

Starting prices published by firms on Accountanty, one price per firm. Most firms do not say whether government fees are included.

  • PLN 525 to PLN 1,380 one-offStarting prices published by 51 firms
  • PLN 5,100 to PLN 9,000 per yearStarting prices published by 111 firms
  • PLN 485 to PLN 957 per yearStarting prices published by 26 firms
  • PLN 162 to PLN 475 one-offStarting prices published by 10 firms
  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (2)
  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (3)

Breakdown of the estimate

Court fee for the entry in the register (S24)PLN 250Official, at setupbiznes.gov.pl
Court fee for the board's capital-coverage statementPLN 40Official, at setupbiznes.gov.pl
Tax on civil law transactions (PCC), 0.5% of share capital: PLN 25 on the minimum capitalPLN 25Official, at setuppodatki.gov.pl
Company formation by a firmPLN 525 to PLN 1,380Firms, one-offStarting prices published by 51 firms
Accounting and annual accounts (small company)PLN 5,100 to PLN 9,000Firms, per yearStarting prices published by 111 firms
Registered office or legal addressPLN 485 to PLN 957Firms, per yearStarting prices published by 26 firms
VAT registrationPLN 162 to PLN 475Firms, one-offStarting prices published by 10 firms
Bank account opening assistancePrice on requestFirms, one-offFewer than 5 firms publish a price (2)
Residence visaPrice on requestFirms, one-offFewer than 5 firms publish a price (3)

Base: online registration through S24 with the minimum share capital. The optional VAT confirmation is not included.

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Setup cost PLN 1,050 to 1,900 about EUR 240 to 435
First year in total PLN 6,640 to 11,860 about EUR 1,520 to 2,710
Registration time 1 to 7 days once the application is complete

Official fees of the base option plus the starting prices published by firms for the services switched on below.

Services from a firm

Starting prices published by firms on Accountanty, one price per firm. Most firms do not say whether government fees are included.

  • PLN 525 to PLN 1,380 one-offStarting prices published by 51 firms
  • PLN 5,100 to PLN 9,000 per yearStarting prices published by 111 firms
  • PLN 485 to PLN 957 per yearStarting prices published by 26 firms
  • PLN 162 to PLN 475 one-offStarting prices published by 10 firms
  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (2)
  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (3)

Breakdown of the estimate

Court fee for the entry in the register (notarial articles)PLN 500Official, at setupbiznes.gov.pl
Tax on civil law transactions (PCC), 0.5% of share capital: PLN 25 on the minimum capitalPLN 25Official, at setuppodatki.gov.pl
Company formation by a firmPLN 525 to PLN 1,380Firms, one-offStarting prices published by 51 firms
Accounting and annual accounts (small company)PLN 5,100 to PLN 9,000Firms, per yearStarting prices published by 111 firms
Registered office or legal addressPLN 485 to PLN 957Firms, per yearStarting prices published by 26 firms
VAT registrationPLN 162 to PLN 475Firms, one-offStarting prices published by 10 firms
Bank account opening assistancePrice on requestFirms, one-offFewer than 5 firms publish a price (2)
Residence visaPrice on requestFirms, one-offFewer than 5 firms publish a price (3)

Base: notarial articles with the minimum share capital. The notary's fee is capped by regulation but not published as an amount, so it is not included.

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Taxes in Poland

Your country of residence may tax the dividends you receive, and it may also tax the company's profits under its rules on foreign companies controlled by its residents. A company managed from your country may be treated as resident there. This is general information, not tax advice.

Corporate tax

  • Corporate income tax rate 19%. api.sejm.gov.pl
  • 9% on income other than capital gains when revenue in the tax year does not exceed the PLN equivalent of EUR 2,000,000 and the company is a small taxpayer or in its first year of activity; companies formed from an existing business are excluded. api.sejm.gov.pl

Tax on dividends paid abroad

  • Dividends paid to individuals, including non-resident individuals, bear a 19% flat tax. api.sejm.gov.pl
  • Dividends paid to companies bear 19%; they are exempt for an EU or EEA parent company holding at least 10% for two years without a break. api.sejm.gov.pl

VAT

  • VAT standard rate 23%; reduced rates 8% and 5%. api.sejm.gov.pl
  • Businesses with a seat in Poland whose sales did not exceed PLN 240,000 in the previous or the current year are exempt from VAT. api.sejm.gov.pl

Try a yearly profit

Assumption: one shareholder, an individual who is not resident in Poland, holds 100% of the company.

Paid out as dividends
Which applies to the company?

Destination taxes only, before tax treaties and before any tax in your country of residence.

Corporate tax in PolandPLN 36,000 (9%)
Dividend paidPLN 364,000
Tax withheld in Poland on the dividendPLN 69,160
Dividend received, before any tax in your countryPLN 294,840
Profit kept in the companyPLN 0
  • The 9% rate does not apply to capital gains, which are taxed at 19%.

Tax facts checked on 2026-10-23 from the official sources linked above. Rates change: check them with a firm before you act.

How the estimate is built

What the figures include

  • Firms' figures are starting prices published by firms listed on Accountanty, read from their websites in October 2026: the range runs from the lower to the upper quartile, with at least 8 firms; "from" means 5 to 7 firms; below 5 the price is on request.
  • Official fees are added up only for the base option named in the breakdown. Other options and fees that apply only in some cases are listed separately.
  • Euro amounts are approximate: Euro equivalents at the ECB reference rate of 2026-10-22; AED and SAR via their US dollar pegs.
  • The 100 zł gazette announcement fee no longer applies: the duty to publish new entries was repealed from 29 November 2025 (Dz.U. 2025 poz. 1556).
  • Notary fees are capped by regulation: PLN 100 up to a value of PLN 3,000, then PLN 100 plus 3% of the excess up to PLN 10,000.
  • The 9% corporate tax rate does not apply in the first two tax years to companies formed by conversion, merger, division or a contribution of assets over EUR 10,000.
  • From 1 April 2027 applications to the court register can be filed only electronically.

All official fees: Limited liability company (sp. z o.o.) registered online in S24

Court fee for the entry in the register (S24)PLN 250At setupbiznes.gov.pl
Court fee for the board's capital-coverage statementPLN 40At setupbiznes.gov.pl
Stamp duty for a confirmation of VAT registration (optional)PLN 170At setupbiznes.gov.pl
Tax on civil law transactions (PCC), 0.5% of share capital: PLN 25 on the minimum capitalPLN 25At setuppodatki.gov.pl

Not published by the authorities: Overall registration time from start to bank account; Fee for filing the annual financial statements in the court register; Registered address or virtual office services.

Time to register: The registry court considers an S24 application within 1 day of receipt. No official end-to-end time is published. Minimum share capital: Minimum share capital PLN 5,000; the nominal value of a share may not be lower than PLN 50.

All official fees: Limited liability company (sp. z o.o.) with notarial articles

Court fee for the entry in the register (notarial articles)PLN 500At setupbiznes.gov.pl
Stamp duty for a confirmation of VAT registration (optional)PLN 170At setupbiznes.gov.pl
Tax on civil law transactions (PCC), 0.5% of share capital: PLN 25 on the minimum capitalPLN 25At setuppodatki.gov.pl

Not published by the authorities: Notary fee for the articles: only the regulated maximum brackets are published, based on the value stated by the parties; no figure is printed for the articles; VAT on the notary fee; Overall registration time from start to bank account; Fee for filing the annual financial statements in the court register; Registered address or virtual office services.

Time to register: The registry court considers an application with notarial articles within 7 days of receipt. No official end-to-end time is published. Minimum share capital: Minimum share capital PLN 5,000; the nominal value of a share may not be lower than PLN 50.

Steps

  1. Conclude the articles: online on the S24 template (cash contributions only) or as a notarial deed api.sejm.gov.pl
  2. File the KRS application signed by the full management board or a lawyer it appoints biznes.gov.pl
  3. Pay the tax on civil law transactions within 14 days of concluding the company agreement biznes.gov.pl
  4. File the capital-coverage statement within 7 days of the entry if it was not attached to the application biznes.gov.pl
  5. Report the beneficial owners to the CRBR within 14 days of the KRS entry; the filing is free gov.pl
  6. File the NIP-8 form within 21 days of registration, or 7 days if the company will pay social insurance contributions biznes.gov.pl
  7. Register for VAT (VAT-R) before the first taxable sale biznes.gov.pl

Documents and requirements

  • Articles of association on the S24 template, or a notarial deed api.sejm.gov.pl
  • KRS application with attachments signed with a qualified signature, trusted signature or e-identity card biznes.gov.pl
  • Consent of each board member and their addresses for service api.sejm.gov.pl
  • Management board statement that the share capital has been covered biznes.gov.pl
  • Non-EU foreigners without a residence title can set up a limited liability company biznes.gov.pl
  • A PESEL number is needed to set up the trusted profile used for online KRS filings biznes.gov.pl
  • Board members are natural persons with full legal capacity, chosen from the shareholders or from outside api.sejm.gov.pl
  • A board member with an address for service outside the EU names a proxy for service in Poland api.sejm.gov.pl
  • The register records the company's seat and address and its e-delivery address api.sejm.gov.pl
  • The company may not be formed solely by another single-member limited liability company biznes.gov.pl

Every year

  • Full accounting records (accounting books) biznes.gov.pl
  • Financial statements prepared within 3 months of the balance sheet date and approved within 6 months biznes.gov.pl
  • Approved financial statements filed in the court register within 15 days of approval api.sejm.gov.pl
  • Audit when two of three are met in the previous year: 50 employees, EUR 3,125,000 total assets, EUR 6,250,000 net revenue api.sejm.gov.pl
  • KSeF e-invoicing mandatory from 1 February 2026 above PLN 200 million of 2024 sales, from 1 April 2026 for other businesses ksef.podatki.gov.pl

Company setup cost

Estonia

Setup cost EUR 709 to 914
First year in total EUR 1,150 to 2,150
Registration time About 1 day once the application is complete

Official fees of the base option plus the starting prices published by firms for the services switched on below.

Services from a firm

Starting prices published by firms on Accountanty, one price per firm. Most firms do not say whether government fees are included.

  • EUR 294 to EUR 499 one-offStarting prices published by 36 firms
  • EUR 300 to EUR 948 per yearStarting prices published by 57 firms
  • EUR 199 to EUR 286 per yearStarting prices published by 26 firms
  • EUR 142 to EUR 291 per yearStarting prices published by 8 firms
  • EUR 54 to EUR 206 per yearStarting prices published by 18 firms
  • EUR 52 to EUR 212 one-offStarting prices published by 10 firms

Breakdown of the estimate

State fee for founding a private limited company electronicallyEUR 265Official, at setupabiinfo.rik.ee
State fee for the e-Residency digital ID (founders without an Estonian ID card)EUR 150Official, at setuppolitsei.ee
Company formation by a firmEUR 294 to EUR 499Firms, one-offStarting prices published by 36 firms
Accounting and annual accounts (small company)EUR 300 to EUR 948Firms, per yearStarting prices published by 57 firms
Registered office or legal addressEUR 199 to EUR 286Firms, per yearStarting prices published by 26 firms
Local agent or contact personEUR 142 to EUR 291Firms, per yearStarting prices published by 8 firms
Annual return or annual report filingEUR 54 to EUR 206Firms, per yearStarting prices published by 18 firms
VAT registrationEUR 52 to EUR 212Firms, one-offStarting prices published by 10 firms

Base: online founding by a founder who needs an e-Residency card (card fee included). Founders with an Estonian ID card skip that fee.

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Taxes in Estonia

Your country of residence may tax the dividends you receive, and it may also tax the company's profits under its rules on foreign companies controlled by its residents. A company managed from your country may be treated as resident there. This is general information, not tax advice.

Corporate tax

  • An Estonian company pays corporate income tax only when it distributes profit, at 22/78 of the net distribution (22% of the gross amount); profit kept in the company is not taxed. emta.ee
  • The rate stays at 22% in 2026: the increase planned for 2026 was cancelled in December 2025. emta.ee
  • The planned security tax on company profits was repealed in June 2025. riigikogu.ee
  • The income of an Estonian company is also taxed abroad when the company is managed from outside Estonia. emta.ee

Tax on dividends paid abroad

  • From 2025 Estonia does not tax dividends received by non-resident individuals, except dividends from profits taxed at the former 14/86 rate up to 2024. emta.ee

VAT

  • VAT standard rate 24% from 1 July 2025; other rates 13%, 9% and 0%. emta.ee
  • VAT registration is required once taxable supplies in Estonia exceed EUR 40,000 from the beginning of the calendar year. emta.ee

Try a yearly profit

Assumption: one shareholder, an individual who is not resident in Estonia, holds 100% of the company.

Paid out as dividends

Destination taxes only, before tax treaties and before any tax in your country of residence.

Corporate tax in EstoniaEUR 22,000 (22%)
Dividend paidEUR 78,000
Tax withheld in Estonia on the dividendEUR 0
Dividend received, before any tax in your countryEUR 78,000
Profit kept in the companyEUR 0
  • The company pays the tax when it distributes: with half paid out, tax is due only on that half. Profit kept in the company is taxed when it is distributed later.

Tax facts checked on 2026-10-23 from the official sources linked above. Rates change: check them with a firm before you act.

How the estimate is built

What the figures include

  • Firms' figures are starting prices published by firms listed on Accountanty, read from their websites in October 2026: the range runs from the lower to the upper quartile, with at least 8 firms; "from" means 5 to 7 firms; below 5 the price is on request.
  • Official fees are added up only for the base option named in the breakdown. Other options and fees that apply only in some cases are listed separately.
  • The Business Register lists a state fee of EUR 265 for expedited and EUR 200 for regular processing.
  • The e-Residency card state fee becomes a flat EUR 165 from 1 January 2027.
  • A company may have its address abroad if it names a contact person in Estonia, which is why a contact person is the required service.
  • The e-Residency programme indicates EUR 200 to 400 a year for a contact person or legal address from service providers; this is not a state fee.

All official fees

State fee for founding a private limited company electronicallyEUR 265At setupabiinfo.rik.ee
State fee for the e-Residency digital ID (founders without an Estonian ID card)EUR 150At setuppolitsei.ee

Not published by the authorities: Notary fee for founding through an Estonian notary (founders without an ID or e-Residency card); Which state fee applies on the notary route (EUR 200 regular or EUR 265 expedited).

Time to register: Applications are reviewed in up to one working day; the notary route can add up to 3 days. Actual registration times may vary. Minimum share capital: Minimum EUR 0.01 with one shareholder, paid in full before the application is submitted.

Steps

  1. Obtain a means of digital signature: e-Residency card, Estonian ID card, Smart-ID or Mobile-ID abiinfo.rik.ee
  2. Prepare the business model and choose a company name ending in Osaühing or OÜ e-resident.gov.ee
  3. Get a contact person or legal address in Estonia from a licensed service provider e-resident.gov.ee
  4. Pay the share capital in full before submitting the application abiinfo.rik.ee
  5. Submit and sign the founding application online in the e-Business Register and pay the state fee abiinfo.rik.ee
  6. Open a bank account e-resident.gov.ee
  7. Apply for VAT registration within three working days once taxable supply exceeds EUR 40,000 from the start of the year emta.ee

Documents and requirements

  • Online application with principal activity, financial year, address, e-mail, board members, founders, capital contributions and articles fields abiinfo.rik.ee
  • Beneficial owners determined in the application; other documents are generally not required abiinfo.rik.ee
  • Without an ID or e-Residency card, the foundation documents are verified by a notary in Estonia investinestonia.com
  • When the management board is abroad, the company designates a contact person with a residence and address in Estonia; the registrar decides e-resident.gov.ee
  • The contact person may be a notary, attorney, sworn auditor, tax representative or a trust and company service provider e-resident.gov.ee
  • A company address abroad requires a contact person in the application abiinfo.rik.ee
  • Trust and company service providers need an authorisation from the Financial Intelligence Unit fiu.ee
  • Beneficial owners are disclosed in the commercial register and kept up to date e-resident.gov.ee

Every year

  • Annual report submitted to the registry within six months of the end of the financial year, even with no activity rik.ee
  • Micro and small companies file at least a balance sheet, an income statement and notes rik.ee
  • Audit when two of these are exceeded: EUR 5,000,000 revenue, EUR 2,500,000 total assets, 50 employees riigiteataja.ee
  • Review when two of these are exceeded: EUR 2,000,000 revenue, EUR 1,000,000 total assets, 24 employees riigiteataja.ee

Company setup cost

Spain

2. Choose a company type
Setup cost EUR 400 to 1,110
First year in total EUR 1,600 to 3,270 + firms' fees on request for registered office
Registration time About 1 day once the application is complete

Official fees of the base option plus the starting prices published by firms for the services switched on below. The figures do not include the firm's fees for registered office, which firms in Spain quote on request.

Services from a firm

Starting prices published by firms on Accountanty, one price per firm. Most firms do not say whether government fees are included.

  • EUR 290 to EUR 1,000 one-offStarting prices published by 41 firms
  • EUR 1,200 to EUR 2,160 per yearStarting prices published by 60 firms
  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (3)
  • From EUR 150 per yearStarting prices published by 7 firms
  • From EUR 190 one-offStarting prices published by 5 firms

Breakdown of the estimate

Notary fee, fixed (online SL, capital up to EUR 3,100, model bylaws)EUR 60Official, at setupboe.es
Registrar fee, fixed (online SL, capital up to EUR 3,100, model bylaws)EUR 40Official, at setupboe.es
NIE application fee, per non-resident individual (form 790 code 012)EUR 9.84Official, at setupone.gob.es
Company formation by a firmEUR 290 to EUR 1,000Firms, one-offStarting prices published by 41 firms
Accounting and annual accounts (small company)EUR 1,200 to EUR 2,160Firms, per yearStarting prices published by 60 firms
Registered office or legal addressPrice on requestFirms, per yearFewer than 5 firms publish a price (3)
Annual return or annual report filingFrom EUR 150Firms, per yearStarting prices published by 7 firms
Residence visaFrom EUR 190Firms, one-offStarting prices published by 5 firms

Base: online SL through CIRCE with model bylaws and capital up to EUR 3,100, one non-resident founder applying for an NIE.

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Setup cost EUR 550 to 1,260
First year in total EUR 1,750 to 3,420 + firms' fees on request for registered office
Registration time Not published once the application is complete

Official fees of the base option plus the starting prices published by firms for the services switched on below. The figures do not include the firm's fees for registered office, which firms in Spain quote on request.

Services from a firm

Starting prices published by firms on Accountanty, one price per firm. Most firms do not say whether government fees are included.

  • EUR 290 to EUR 1,000 one-offStarting prices published by 41 firms
  • EUR 1,200 to EUR 2,160 per yearStarting prices published by 60 firms
  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (3)
  • From EUR 150 per yearStarting prices published by 7 firms
  • From EUR 190 one-offStarting prices published by 5 firms

Breakdown of the estimate

Notary fee, fixed (online SL through CIRCE without the model bylaws or with capital over EUR 3,100)EUR 150Official, at setupboe.es
Registrar fee, fixed (online SL through CIRCE without the model bylaws or with capital over EUR 3,100)EUR 100Official, at setupboe.es
NIE application fee, per non-resident individual (form 790 code 012)EUR 9.84Official, at setupone.gob.es
Company formation by a firmEUR 290 to EUR 1,000Firms, one-offStarting prices published by 41 firms
Accounting and annual accounts (small company)EUR 1,200 to EUR 2,160Firms, per yearStarting prices published by 60 firms
Registered office or legal addressPrice on requestFirms, per yearFewer than 5 firms publish a price (3)
Annual return or annual report filingFrom EUR 150Firms, per yearStarting prices published by 7 firms
Residence visaFrom EUR 190Firms, one-offStarting prices published by 5 firms

Base: online SL through CIRCE with own bylaws or capital over EUR 3,100, one non-resident founder applying for an NIE.

Get your detailed report and quotes from firms in Spain

We email you a PDF with the official fees and their sources, the firms' starting prices, the steps, the documents, the yearly obligations and the firms offering company formation in Spain. We also share your request with firms we select there, who may contact you with quotes.

Taxes in Spain

Your country of residence may tax the dividends you receive, and it may also tax the company's profits under its rules on foreign companies controlled by its residents. A company managed from your country may be treated as resident there. This is general information, not tax advice.

Corporate tax

  • General corporate income tax rate 25%. boe.es
  • New companies carrying on an economic activity pay 15% in the first tax period with a positive taxable base and in the following one; group companies and holding entities without an activity are excluded. boe.es
  • Tax periods starting in 2026, previous-period turnover below EUR 1 million: 19% on the first EUR 50,000 of taxable base and 21% on the rest. boe.es
  • Tax periods starting in 2026, other small companies under article 101 of the law: 23%. boe.es

Tax on dividends paid abroad

  • Non-resident income tax on dividends is 19%; dividends paid to an EU parent company holding at least 5% for one year are exempt, with further conditions. boe.es

VAT

  • VAT general rate 21%; reduced rates 10% and 4%. sede.agenciatributaria.gob.es
  • Taxable persons file a declaration when they start the activities that make them subject to VAT. boe.es

Try a yearly profit

Assumption: one shareholder, an individual who is not resident in Spain, holds 100% of the company.

Paid out as dividends
Which applies to the company in 2026?

Destination taxes only, before tax treaties and before any tax in your country of residence.

Corporate tax in SpainEUR 15,000 (15%)
Dividend paidEUR 85,000
Tax withheld in Spain on the dividendEUR 16,150
Dividend received, before any tax in your countryEUR 68,850
Profit kept in the companyEUR 0
  • Rates for tax periods starting in 2026; the reduced rates change each year until 2029 under the law's transitional schedule.

Tax facts checked on 2026-10-23 from the official sources linked above. Rates change: check them with a firm before you act.

How the estimate is built

What the figures include

  • Firms' figures are starting prices published by firms listed on Accountanty, read from their websites in October 2026: the range runs from the lower to the upper quartile, with at least 8 firms; "from" means 5 to 7 firms; below 5 the price is on request.
  • Official fees are added up only for the base option named in the breakdown. Other options and fees that apply only in some cases are listed separately.
  • The minimum capital of an SL has been EUR 1 since 19 October 2022; some official pages still mention EUR 3,000.
  • Publication of an online SL in the official gazette (BORME) is free of charge.
  • For an ordinary incorporation the registry fee follows a scale on the share capital (for example 0.10% between EUR 3,005.06 and EUR 30,050.61), capped and reduced by 5%.
  • The fixed online fees also require no shareholders that are legal persons, capital up to EUR 30,000 and a listed board structure.
  • The EU parent company exemption from withholding tax does not apply when most voting rights are held by persons resident outside the EU or EEA, subject to anti-abuse exceptions.
  • No domestic VAT registration threshold applies; the Canary Islands, Ceuta and Melilla are outside the Spanish VAT territory.

All official fees: Limited liability company (SL) online through CIRCE with model bylaws, capital up to EUR 3,100

Notary fee, fixed (online SL, capital up to EUR 3,100, model bylaws)EUR 60At setupboe.es
Registrar fee, fixed (online SL, capital up to EUR 3,100, model bylaws)EUR 40At setupboe.es
NIE application fee, per non-resident individual (form 790 code 012)EUR 9.84At setupone.gob.es

Not published by the authorities: Company name certificate fee (Registro Mercantil Central); Fee for depositing the annual accounts at the Registro Mercantil.

Time to register: Within 24 hours through CIRCE when standardised instruments are used. Minimum share capital: Minimum EUR 1, fully paid when the deed is granted; this route requires capital not over EUR 3,100.

All official fees: Limited liability company (SL) with its own bylaws

Notary fee, fixed (online SL through CIRCE without the model bylaws or with capital over EUR 3,100)EUR 150At setupboe.es
Registrar fee, fixed (online SL through CIRCE without the model bylaws or with capital over EUR 3,100)EUR 100At setupboe.es
NIE application fee, per non-resident individual (form 790 code 012)EUR 9.84At setupone.gob.es

Not published by the authorities: Notary fee for an ordinary deed signed in person; BORME publication fee for an ordinary incorporation; Company name certificate fee (Registro Mercantil Central); Fee for depositing the annual accounts at the Registro Mercantil.

Time to register: Online without model bylaws: initial registration within 6 business hours and final registration within 5 days of the presentation entry. No overall figure is published. Minimum share capital: Minimum EUR 1, fully paid when the deed is granted.

Steps

  1. Obtain an NIE for each non-resident individual, or an NIF with form 036 for a non-resident company shareholder investinspain.org
  2. Obtain the company name certificate from the Registro Mercantil Central; it is valid for three months for granting the deed rmc.es
  3. Deposit the share capital in a bank no more than two months before the deed investinspain.org
  4. Sign the public deed of incorporation before a notary boe.es
  5. File the ITP and AJD return with the regional tax authority; the incorporation itself is exempt investinspain.org
  6. Register the deed in the Registro Mercantil; the company acquires legal personality on registration boe.es
  7. Apply for the permanent NIF and file the foreign investment declaration (form D-1A) within one month investinspain.org
  8. Register for the business activity tax (IAE), Social Security and the workplace opening notice investinspain.org

Documents and requirements

  • NIE application: form EX-15 in duplicate, proof of payment of form 790-012, passport or ID one.gob.es
  • Company name certificate with up to five names in order of preference rmc.es
  • Sworn translation of foreign-language documents and an apostille or legalisation of foreign public documents boe.es
  • Public deed of incorporation boe.es
  • The registered office is in Spain, where the effective administration and management or the main establishment is boe.es
  • A single-member SL may be formed by one natural or legal person boe.es
  • Share capital fully subscribed and paid up when the deed is granted boe.es
  • While capital is below EUR 3,000, at least 20% of profit goes to the legal reserve until reserve plus capital reach EUR 3,000 boe.es
  • The NIE is resolved within a maximum of five days of the application one.gob.es

Every year

  • Directors prepare the annual accounts within three months of the financial year end boe.es
  • The general meeting approves the accounts within the first six months of the year boe.es
  • Accounts deposited at the Registro Mercantil within one month of approval; failure closes the registry sheet and risks fines from EUR 1,200 boe.es
  • Audit exemption when two of these are not exceeded for two years: EUR 2,850,000 assets, EUR 5,700,000 turnover, 50 employees boe.es
  • Corporate tax return within 25 calendar days after the six months following the end of the tax period boe.es

Company setup cost

Jersey

Official fees only, at setup GBP 205 + firms' fees (on request) about EUR 245
Official fees only, every year GBP 339 + firms' fees (on request) about EUR 405
Registration time 1 to 5 days once the application is complete

Official fees are paid to the authorities in any case. The total cost depends on the firm's fees for formation, accounting, registered office and company secretary, which firms in Jersey quote on request.

Get quotes from firms in Jersey Free. We email you the detailed report and share your request with firms we select in Jersey, who quote their fees.

Services from a firm

Starting prices published by firms on Accountanty, one price per firm.

  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (2)
  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (2)
  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (1)
  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (0)
  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (0)

Breakdown of the estimate

Incorporation, within 5 business days (lowest service level)GBP 205Official, at setupjerseyfsc.org
Annual confirmation statement, entity administered by a trust company business (includes GBP 175 Government levy)GBP 339Official, every yearjerseyfsc.org
Company formation by a firmPrice on requestFirms, one-offFewer than 5 firms publish a price (2)
Accounting and annual accounts (small company)Price on requestFirms, per yearFewer than 5 firms publish a price (2)
Registered office or legal addressPrice on requestFirms, per yearFewer than 5 firms publish a price (1)
Company secretaryPrice on requestFirms, per yearFewer than 5 firms publish a price (0)
Bank account opening assistancePrice on requestFirms, one-offFewer than 5 firms publish a price (0)

Base: incorporation within 5 business days (the lowest JFSC service level) and the annual confirmation of a company administered by a trust company business.

Get your detailed report and quotes from firms in Jersey

We email you a PDF with the official fees and their sources, the firms' starting prices, the steps, the documents, the yearly obligations and the firms offering company formation in Jersey. We also share your request with firms we select there, who may contact you with quotes.

Taxes in Jersey

Your country of residence may tax the dividends you receive, and it may also tax the company's profits under its rules on foreign companies controlled by its residents. A company managed from your country may be treated as resident there. This is general information, not tax advice.

Corporate tax

  • The standard rate of company tax in Jersey is 0%. Certain financial services companies pay 10%; utility companies and income derived from trading in Jersey (such as property rental, property development and quarrying) are taxed at 20%. gov.je
  • Retail companies in Jersey with retail turnover of GBP 2m and above pay between 0% and 20%: 0% on profits under GBP 500,000, rising to 20% on profits above GBP 750,000. gov.je
  • Jersey entities in multinational groups with consolidated annual revenue of EUR 750 million or more pay Multinational Corporate Income Tax (MCIT) for a minimum effective rate of 15%, for accounting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2025. gov.je

Tax on dividends paid abroad

  • Non-resident individuals are exempt from Jersey tax on company distributions from profits or gains charged at 0%. gov.je

VAT

  • Jersey charges Goods and Services Tax (GST) at a standard rate of 5%. gov.je
  • Registration is required when a business has or expects turnover of GBP 300,000 or more in a 12-month period; registration below that is voluntary. gov.je

Try a yearly profit

Assumption: one shareholder, an individual who is not resident in Jersey, holds 100% of the company.

Paid out as dividends

Destination taxes only, before tax treaties and before any tax in your country of residence.

Corporate tax in JerseyGBP 0 (0%)
Dividend paidGBP 100,000
Tax withheld in Jersey on the dividendGBP 0
Dividend received, before any tax in your countryGBP 100,000
Profit kept in the companyGBP 0
  • The 10% rate for certain financial services companies, the 20% rate for utilities and Jersey trading income such as property, and the 0% to 20% retail rate are not computed here.
  • The 0% dividend figure applies to distributions from profits charged at 0%.

Tax facts checked on 2026-10-23 from the official sources linked above. Rates change: check them with a firm before you act.

How the estimate is built

What the figures include

  • Firms' figures are starting prices published by firms listed on Accountanty, read from their websites in October 2026: the range runs from the lower to the upper quartile, with at least 8 firms; "from" means 5 to 7 firms; below 5 the price is on request.
  • Official fees are added up only for the base option named in the breakdown. Other options and fees that apply only in some cases are listed separately.
  • Euro amounts are approximate: Euro equivalents at the ECB reference rate of 2026-10-22; AED and SAR via their US dollar pegs.
  • The faster incorporation fees (GBP 308 to GBP 856) replace the 5 business day fee of GBP 205.
  • The annual confirmation fee is GBP 339 for a company administered by a trust company business, GBP 220 otherwise.
  • A late annual confirmation statement costs from GBP 77 to GBP 774 depending on the month it is filed.
  • JFSC fees shown are those in force from 1 January to 31 December 2026.

All official fees

Incorporation, within 5 business days (lowest service level)GBP 205At setupjerseyfsc.org
Incorporation, within 3 business days (instead of the 5 day fee)GBP 308At setupjerseyfsc.org
Incorporation, within 2 business days (instead of the 5 day fee)GBP 395At setupjerseyfsc.org
Incorporation, within 1 business day (instead of the 5 day fee)GBP 543At setupjerseyfsc.org
Incorporation, within 2 hours (instead of the 5 day fee)GBP 856At setupjerseyfsc.org
Name reservation through the Registry online facility (optional)GBP 10At setupjerseyfsc.org
Annual confirmation statement, entity administered by a trust company business (includes GBP 175 Government levy)GBP 339Every yearjerseyfsc.org
Annual confirmation statement, ordinarily administered entity (instead; includes GBP 145 Government levy)GBP 220Every yearjerseyfsc.org

Not published by the authorities: Which incorporation service level is the standard one (the fees notice lists service levels by processing time only); Whether directors must be resident in Jersey (no residence rule stated on the JFSC pages read); Whether the company secretary must be resident or qualified; Deadline for GST registration after the threshold is reached.

Time to register: Approval takes between 2 hours and 5 days depending on the risk factors, the service level paid for and whether a name was reserved. Minimum share capital: For par value shares there is no minimum authorised or issued share capital requirement.

Steps

  1. A founder who is not a Jersey resident applies through a JFSC regulated service provider licensed to provide formation services jerseyfsc.org
  2. Optionally check and reserve the company name through the Registry online facility (GBP 10) jerseyfsc.org
  3. Prepare the memorandum, subscribers page and articles (or adopt the standard table), and a structure chart where the beneficial owner is not the subscriber jerseyfsc.org
  4. Complete the submission in myRegistry with beneficial owner, controller, director, secretary and member details jerseyfsc.org
  5. Submit and pay the fee for the chosen service level in myRegistry jerseyfsc.org
  6. The application includes consent to issue shares under the Control of Borrowing (Jersey) Order 1958 (COBO consent) jerseyfsc.org
  7. Registrar approval, in 2 hours to 5 days depending on risk factors and the service level jerseyfsc.org
  8. Apply for a business licence to run the business and employ staff, unless an exemption applies gov.je
  9. Register for GST when turnover reaches or is expected to reach GBP 300,000 in a 12-month period gov.je

Documents and requirements

  • Memorandum and Articles of Association signed by the subscriber(s); no copy is uploaded if the standard table of Articles is adopted jerseyfsc.org
  • Subscribers page, uploaded with the memorandum and again after the articles jerseyfsc.org
  • Structure chart if the beneficial owner is not the same as the subscriber(s), if the company is part of a group or the activity is sensitive jerseyfsc.org
  • Authorisation from the occupier of the premises used as the registered office jerseyfsc.org
  • Applications come from a Jersey-resident beneficial owner (100% Jersey-resident ownership) or a JFSC regulated provider licensed for formation services jerseyfsc.org
  • A private company has at least one director and one secretary; a sole director cannot also be the secretary jerseyfsc.org
  • A private company typically has no more than thirty members and may have a single member jerseyfsc.org
  • A registered office in Jersey at all times jerseyfsc.org
  • A nominated person with a link to Jersey: a Jersey-resident director or secretary, a Jersey lawyer or accountant, or a Jersey registered trust company business jerseyfsc.org
  • Share and director registers kept at the registered office (or for shares, an address in Jersey notified to the Registrar) jerseyfsc.org
  • Changes to beneficial owner and controller details submitted within 21 days jerseyfsc.org

Every year

  • Annual confirmation statement filed between 1 January and the last day of February, with the annual confirmation fee jerseyfsc.org
  • Company tax return filed online for each year of assessment by midnight on 30 November of the following year gov.je
  • A private company does not file accounts with the Registrar and is not required to have them audited unless its articles require an auditor jerseyfsc.org
  • Directors prepare accounts; for a private company it is sufficient that accounts are available to shareholders jerseyfsc.org
  • Tax resident companies with income from a relevant sector (such as holding company, IP, finance and leasing, headquartering) must show adequate economic substance in Jersey gov.je

Company setup cost

Guernsey

Official fees only, at setup GBP 100 + firms' fees (on request) about EUR 119
Official fees only, every year GBP 525 + firms' fees (on request) about EUR 627
Registration time About 1 day once the application is complete

Official fees are paid to the authorities in any case. The total cost depends on the firm's fees for formation, accounting, registered office and registered agent, which firms in Guernsey quote on request.

Get quotes from firms in Guernsey Free. We email you the detailed report and share your request with firms we select in Guernsey, who quote their fees.

Services from a firm

Starting prices published by firms on Accountanty, one price per firm.

  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (0)
  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (0)
  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (0)
  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (0)
  • Price on requestFewer than 5 firms publish a price (0)

Breakdown of the estimate

Incorporation, standard service (within 24 hours)GBP 100Official, at setupguernseyregistry.com
Annual validation, Category 5 company administered by a corporate service providerGBP 525Official, every yearguernseyregistry.com
Company formation by a firmPrice on requestFirms, one-offFewer than 5 firms publish a price (0)
Accounting and annual accounts (small company)Price on requestFirms, per yearFewer than 5 firms publish a price (0)
Registered office or legal addressPrice on requestFirms, per yearFewer than 5 firms publish a price (0)
Local agent or contact personPrice on requestFirms, per yearFewer than 5 firms publish a price (0)
Bank account opening assistancePrice on requestFirms, one-offFewer than 5 firms publish a price (0)

Base: standard incorporation within 24 hours and the annual validation of a company administered by a corporate service provider.

Get your detailed report and quotes from firms in Guernsey

We email you a PDF with the official fees and their sources, the firms' starting prices, the steps, the documents, the yearly obligations and the firms offering company formation in Guernsey. We also share your request with firms we select there, who may contact you with quotes.

Taxes in Guernsey

Your country of residence may tax the dividends you receive, and it may also tax the company's profits under its rules on foreign companies controlled by its residents. A company managed from your country may be treated as resident there. This is general information, not tax advice.

Corporate tax

  • The standard rate of income tax on company income is 0%. gov.gg
  • An intermediate rate of 10% applies to income from banking, domestic insurance, fiduciary business, custody services and other listed financial and compliance activities. gov.gg
  • A higher rate of 20% applies to income from Guernsey land and buildings, large retail business in Guernsey (taxable profit above GBP 500,000), CICRA-regulated trading and the supply of gas or hydrocarbon oil. gov.gg

Tax on dividends paid abroad

  • Distributions to a non-resident beneficial member do not create a Guernsey tax charge; the company must hold evidence that the member is not Guernsey resident before paying without deduction of tax. gov.gg

VAT

  • Guernsey Customs states that VAT is a UK tax, and that it cannot refund VAT or process VAT reclaims. gov.gg
  • On 2 October 2026 the States voted to implement a goods and services tax; it cannot be brought into operation until the agreed income tax, social security and benefit mitigations are in force. statesvoting-records.gov.gg
  • The June 2026 tax reform package proposed GST at 3% from 2028; no official start date after the vote was found. gov.gg

Try a yearly profit

Assumption: one shareholder, an individual who is not resident in Guernsey, holds 100% of the company.

Paid out as dividends

Destination taxes only, before tax treaties and before any tax in your country of residence.

Corporate tax in GuernseyGBP 0 (0%)
Dividend paidGBP 100,000
Tax withheld in Guernsey on the dividendGBP 0
Dividend received, before any tax in your countryGBP 100,000
Profit kept in the companyGBP 0
  • The 10% intermediate rate for listed financial activities and the 20% higher rate for Guernsey land, large retail and regulated utilities are not computed here.

Tax facts checked on 2026-10-23 from the official sources linked above. Rates change: check them with a firm before you act.

How the estimate is built

What the figures include

  • Firms' figures are starting prices published by firms listed on Accountanty, read from their websites in October 2026: the range runs from the lower to the upper quartile, with at least 8 firms; "from" means 5 to 7 firms; below 5 the price is on request.
  • Official fees are added up only for the base option named in the breakdown. Other options and fees that apply only in some cases are listed separately.
  • Euro amounts are approximate: Euro equivalents at the ECB reference rate of 2026-10-22; AED and SAR via their US dollar pegs.
  • The rapid (GBP 500) and special (GBP 1,000) incorporation fees replace the standard GBP 100 fee.
  • A company not administered by a corporate service provider pays a GBP 260 annual validation fee instead of GBP 525.
  • A goods and services tax was voted on 2 October 2026; no start date is published yet.

All official fees

Incorporation, standard service (within 24 hours)GBP 100At setupguernseyregistry.com
Incorporation, rapid service within 2 hours (instead of the standard fee)GBP 500At setupguernseyregistry.com
Incorporation, special service within 15 minutes (instead of the standard fee; certain restrictions apply)GBP 1,000At setupguernseyregistry.com
Annual validation, Category 5 company administered by a corporate service providerGBP 525Every yearguernseyregistry.com

Not published by the authorities: Minimum share capital (the Registry asks for a statement of initial share capital and states no minimum); Whether a company files its accounts with the Registry (the annual validation page is silent); Civil penalty amounts for a late or missing annual validation; Conditions under which a company cannot waive its audit; Provider fees for the corporate service provider, resident agent and registered office.

Time to register: Standard incorporation within 24 hours; a rapid service (2 hours) and a special service (15 minutes, certain restrictions apply) cost more.

Steps

  1. Optionally reserve the company name with the Guernsey Registry (GBP 25 per name, held for 3 months) guernseyregistry.com
  2. Engage a corporate service provider holding a full fiduciary licence from the GFSC: only such a provider can apply to the Registrar to incorporate guernseyregistry.com
  3. Register the directors, the resident agent and the beneficial owners with the Guernsey Registry before they are appointed guernseyregistry.com
  4. The provider files the application on the Registrar's form with the incorporation fee; standard incorporation takes 24 hours guernseyregistry.com
  5. File beneficial ownership information on incorporation; report later changes within 14 days guernseyregistry.com
  6. The Registrar issues a certificate of incorporation with the registered name, number and date guernseyregistry.com
  7. The Revenue Service sets up the company's tax reference from the information given to the Registry gov.gg

Documents and requirements

Every year

  • Annual validation filed between 1 January and the last day of February, with the company's details as at 31 December; late or missing filing is liable to a civil penalty guernseyregistry.com
  • Accounts are audited unless the members pass an audit waiver resolution in the previous financial year and file it within 30 days guernseyregistry.com
  • Corporate tax return filed online; the 2025 return is due by 30 November 2026 gov.gg
  • Tax resident companies carrying on specified activities must show economic substance in Guernsey (direction and management, people, premises, core income generating activities) gov.gg

How the estimate is built

The calculator keeps two kinds of figure apart, because they come from different places and change for different reasons.

Official fees are the amounts that free zone authorities, registries, courts and tax authorities publish themselves: the registration fee, the annual return or licence renewal, a regulated notary fee. Each one is listed with a link to the page it comes from and the date it was read. They are shown item by item and never added together, since some are alternatives (an online or a paper filing, a faster service for a higher fee) and some apply only in the case the label names. When an authority publishes no amount, the page says so instead of filling the gap with an estimate.

Firms’ fees come from the price pages of the accounting firms and corporate service providers listed on Accountanty. For each service the calculator takes one price per firm, the lowest it publishes, so the figures are starting prices: a quote for your own company can be higher once the volume of transactions, the number of shareholders or the licence activity is known. A range from the lower to the upper quartile is shown when at least eight firms publish a price for that service, a “from” figure when five to seven do, and “price on request” below five. Most firms do not say whether their price includes government fees, so the breakdown lists official fees and firms’ prices on separate lines.

What the total means

The setup cost and the first-year total add the official fees of the base option named in the breakdown to the lower and upper quartiles of the firms’ starting prices for the services switched on. Services required by law are always counted; the others can be switched on or off. It is a way to see the order of magnitude before you ask for quotes, not a price. Services without published prices are left out of the total and named under it.

Time, capital and the steps

The registration time is the one the authority states for a complete application. Collecting documents, legalising them, opening a bank account and registering for tax usually take longer than the filing itself, and they are listed in the steps. The minimum share capital, the documents, the yearly obligations and the main taxes come from official pages too, each with its source.

Before you rely on a figure

Fees and rules change. Check the official page linked next to each figure, and confirm the full cost with a firm before you decide. Your country of residence may also tax the company’s profits or your dividends, so a figure that looks low in one destination says nothing about your total tax position. This tool gives general information, not legal or tax advice. To compare firms, open the guide for each destination or send one request for quotes.

Frequently asked questions

Where do the official fees come from?

Each official fee is taken from the free zone authority, registry, court or tax authority that charges it. The link next to the amount opens that page, and the date shows when it was last read.

Why are the firms' prices called starting prices?

For each service the calculator uses the lowest price each firm publishes, which is usually its entry package. A quote for a specific company can be higher once the activity, the number of shareholders and the volume of bookkeeping are known.

Are government fees included in the firms' prices?

Most firms do not say. That is why official fees are shown in their own table. Ask any firm you contact to list government fees, its own fee and any third-party costs as separate lines.

Why is a destination I need not in the list?

The calculator covers the destinations where both official fees and enough published firm prices are available. Other jurisdictions have a guide and a list of firms on Accountanty, and you can request quotes there.

Does a lower fee mean lower tax overall?

No. The calculator shows setup and running costs in the destination only. Your country of residence may tax the company or your dividends under its own rules, so ask a tax adviser in that country before deciding.

Sources and notes: United Arab Emirates

  1. meydanfz.ae read 2026-10-23
  2. rakez.com read 2026-10-23
  3. rakez.com read 2026-10-23
  4. meydanfz.ae read 2026-10-23
  5. dmcc.ae read 2026-10-23
  6. u.ae read 2026-10-23
  7. moet.gov.ae read 2026-10-23
  8. dlp.dubai.gov.ae read 2026-10-23
  9. moet.gov.ae read 2026-10-13
  10. tax.gov.ae read 2026-10-23
  11. dda.gov.ae read 2026-10-13
  12. u.ae read 2026-10-13
  13. jafza.ae read 2026-10-13
  14. mof.gov.ae read 2026-10-13
  15. mof.gov.ae read 2026-10-23
  16. mof.gov.ae read 2026-10-13
  17. tax.gov.ae read 2026-10-23
  18. dmcc.ae read 2026-10-23
  19. mof.gov.ae read 2026-10-23
  20. mof.gov.ae read 2026-10-23
  21. mof.gov.ae read 2026-10-23
  22. mof.gov.ae read 2026-10-23
  23. tax.gov.ae read 2026-10-23

Official figures checked on 2026-10-23. General information, not legal or tax advice: check the official sources and confirm costs with a firm before you act.

Sources and notes: United Kingdom

  1. gov.uk read 2026-10-13
  2. gov.uk read 2026-10-23
  3. gov.uk read 2026-10-13
  4. gov.uk read 2026-10-13
  5. gov.uk read 2026-10-13
  6. gov.uk read 2026-10-13
  7. gov.uk read 2026-10-13
  8. gov.uk read 2026-10-13
  9. gov.uk read 2026-10-23
  10. gov.uk read 2026-10-13
  11. gov.uk read 2026-10-23
  12. gov.uk read 2026-10-23
  13. gov.uk read 2026-10-23
  14. legislation.gov.uk read 2026-10-23
  15. gov.uk read 2026-10-23
  16. gov.uk read 2026-10-23
  17. gov.uk read 2026-10-23
  18. gov.uk read 2026-10-23
  19. gov.uk read 2026-10-23

Official figures checked on 2026-10-23. General information, not legal or tax advice: check the official sources and confirm costs with a firm before you act.

Sources and notes: Ireland

  1. cro.ie read 2026-10-13
  2. revisedacts.lawreform.ie read 2026-10-23
  3. irishstatutebook.ie read 2026-10-23
  4. cro.ie read 2026-10-13
  5. cro.ie read 2026-10-13
  6. revenue.ie read 2026-10-13
  7. irishstatutebook.ie read 2026-10-13
  8. cro.ie read 2026-10-13
  9. cro.ie read 2026-10-13
  10. revisedacts.lawreform.ie read 2026-10-23
  11. revenue.ie read 2026-10-23
  12. revenue.ie read 2026-10-23
  13. revenue.ie read 2026-10-23
  14. revenue.ie read 2026-10-23
  15. revenue.ie read 2026-10-23
  16. revenue.ie read 2026-10-23

Official figures checked on 2026-10-23. General information, not legal or tax advice: check the official sources and confirm costs with a firm before you act.

Sources and notes: Malta

  1. mbr.mt read 2026-10-23
  2. legislation.mt read 2026-10-13
  3. mbr.mt read 2026-10-23
  4. legislation.mt read 2026-10-23
  5. mbr.mt read 2026-10-13
  6. mtca.gov.mt read 2026-10-23
  7. mtca.gov.mt read 2026-10-13
  8. legislation.mt read 2026-10-13
  9. legislation.mt read 2026-10-23
  10. mtca.gov.mt read 2026-10-23
  11. legislation.mt read 2026-10-23
  12. legislation.mt read 2026-10-23
  13. legislation.mt read 2026-10-23
  14. legislation.mt read 2026-10-23

Official figures checked on 2026-10-23. General information, not legal or tax advice: check the official sources and confirm costs with a firm before you act.

Sources and notes: Cyprus

  1. investcyprus.org.cy read 2026-10-13
  2. companies.gov.cy read 2026-10-13
  3. companies.gov.cy read 2026-10-13
  4. companies.gov.cy read 2026-10-13
  5. companies.gov.cy read 2026-10-13
  6. companies.gov.cy read 2026-10-13
  7. companies.gov.cy read 2026-10-13
  8. companies.gov.cy read 2026-10-13
  9. cysec.gov.cy read 2026-10-13
  10. companies.gov.cy read 2026-10-23
  11. companies.gov.cy read 2026-10-23
  12. cylaw.org read 2026-10-23
  13. gov.cy read 2026-10-23
  14. gov.cy read 2026-10-23
  15. gov.cy read 2026-10-23
  16. gov.cy read 2026-10-23
  17. europa.eu read 2026-10-23

Official figures checked on 2026-10-23. General information, not legal or tax advice: check the official sources and confirm costs with a firm before you act.

Sources and notes: Saudi Arabia

  1. misa.gov.sa read 2026-10-23
  2. mc.gov.sa read 2026-10-23
  3. mc.gov.sa read 2026-10-23
  4. mc.gov.sa read 2026-10-23
  5. misa.gov.sa read 2026-10-16
  6. misa.gov.sa read 2026-10-16
  7. mc.gov.sa read 2026-10-16
  8. mc.gov.sa read 2026-10-16
  9. misa.gov.sa read 2026-10-16
  10. zatca.gov.sa read 2026-10-16
  11. zatca.gov.sa read 2026-10-23
  12. zatca.gov.sa read 2026-10-23
  13. zatca.gov.sa read 2026-10-23

Official figures checked on 2026-10-23. General information, not legal or tax advice: check the official sources and confirm costs with a firm before you act.

Sources and notes: Isle of Man

  1. gov.im read 2026-10-13
  2. gov.im read 2026-10-23
  3. gov.im read 2026-10-23
  4. gov.im read 2026-10-13
  5. gov.im read 2026-10-13
  6. gov.im read 2026-10-13
  7. gov.im read 2026-10-23
  8. gov.im read 2026-10-13
  9. gov.im read 2026-10-23
  10. gov.im read 2026-10-23
  11. gov.im read 2026-10-23
  12. gov.im read 2026-10-23
  13. gov.im read 2026-10-23

Official figures checked on 2026-10-23. General information, not legal or tax advice: check the official sources and confirm costs with a firm before you act.

Sources and notes: Poland

  1. biznes.gov.pl read 2026-10-13
  2. biznes.gov.pl read 2026-10-13
  3. biznes.gov.pl read 2026-10-23
  4. podatki.gov.pl read 2026-10-13
  5. biznes.gov.pl read 2026-10-13
  6. api.sejm.gov.pl read 2026-10-23
  7. gov.pl read 2026-10-13
  8. api.sejm.gov.pl read 2026-10-23
  9. biznes.gov.pl read 2026-10-13
  10. biznes.gov.pl read 2026-10-13
  11. biznes.gov.pl read 2026-10-13
  12. api.sejm.gov.pl read 2026-10-23
  13. ksef.podatki.gov.pl read 2026-10-13
  14. api.sejm.gov.pl read 2026-10-23
  15. api.sejm.gov.pl read 2026-10-23
  16. api.sejm.gov.pl read 2026-10-23

Official figures checked on 2026-10-23. General information, not legal or tax advice: check the official sources and confirm costs with a firm before you act.

Sources and notes: Estonia

  1. investinestonia.com read 2026-10-13
  2. abiinfo.rik.ee read 2026-10-13
  3. politsei.ee read 2026-10-13
  4. e-resident.gov.ee read 2026-10-13
  5. emta.ee read 2026-10-13
  6. e-resident.gov.ee read 2026-10-13
  7. fiu.ee read 2026-10-13
  8. rik.ee read 2026-10-23
  9. riigiteataja.ee read 2026-10-23
  10. emta.ee read 2026-10-23
  11. emta.ee read 2026-10-23
  12. riigikogu.ee read 2026-10-23
  13. emta.ee read 2026-10-23
  14. emta.ee read 2026-10-23

Official figures checked on 2026-10-23. General information, not legal or tax advice: check the official sources and confirm costs with a firm before you act.

Sources and notes: Spain

  1. boe.es read 2026-10-23
  2. boe.es read 2026-10-13
  3. boe.es read 2026-10-23
  4. one.gob.es read 2026-10-23
  5. boe.es read 2026-10-23
  6. investinspain.org read 2026-10-13
  7. rmc.es read 2026-10-13
  8. boe.es read 2026-10-13
  9. boe.es read 2026-10-13
  10. boe.es read 2026-10-23
  11. boe.es read 2026-10-13
  12. boe.es read 2026-10-13
  13. boe.es read 2026-10-13
  14. boe.es read 2026-10-13
  15. boe.es read 2026-10-13
  16. boe.es read 2026-10-23
  17. boe.es read 2026-10-13
  18. boe.es read 2026-10-13
  19. boe.es read 2026-10-23
  20. boe.es read 2026-10-23
  21. sede.agenciatributaria.gob.es read 2026-10-23
  22. boe.es read 2026-10-23

Official figures checked on 2026-10-23. General information, not legal or tax advice: check the official sources and confirm costs with a firm before you act.

Sources and notes: Jersey

  1. jerseyfsc.org read 2026-10-23
  2. jerseyfsc.org read 2026-10-23
  3. jerseyfsc.org read 2026-10-23
  4. gov.je read 2026-10-23
  5. gov.je read 2026-10-23
  6. jerseyfsc.org read 2026-10-23
  7. gov.je read 2026-10-23
  8. gov.je read 2026-10-23
  9. gov.je read 2026-10-23
  10. gov.je read 2026-10-23

Official figures checked on 2026-10-23. General information, not legal or tax advice: check the official sources and confirm costs with a firm before you act.

Sources and notes: Guernsey

  1. guernseyregistry.com read 2026-10-23
  2. guernseyregistry.com read 2026-10-23
  3. guernseyregistry.com read 2026-10-23
  4. guernseyregistry.com read 2026-10-23
  5. gov.gg read 2026-10-23
  6. guernseyregistry.com read 2026-10-23
  7. guernseyregistry.com read 2026-10-23
  8. gov.gg read 2026-10-23
  9. statesvoting-records.gov.gg read 2026-10-23
  10. gov.gg read 2026-10-23

Official figures checked on 2026-10-23. General information, not legal or tax advice: check the official sources and confirm costs with a firm before you act.